Site Location and Relocation 公司选址和迁址
Site Selection
选址
When a company starts up or opens a new branch, the production and operations manager is heavily involved in planning the site location.
当公司打算开设一个新的分公司时，生产经营部的经理就得忙于分公司的选址问题了。
The type of business dictates the kind of facility.
经营的类型决定了所选的地址。
Service sector businesses will often require small office facilities in heavy traffic areas convenient to customers and other services the business itself requires.
服务行业一般要求在空间较小但必须是交通流量大、便于顾客的地方，或是在靠近它所需要的其他服务行业的地方。
Heavy industry, on the other hand, requires vast space near ship or rail transportation, often besides bodies of water that can be used for cooling operations as well as transportation to market.
而重工业却要求地域广阔且靠近轮船或铁路运输的地方，它们经常是选在靠近大片水域的地方，因为大片水域既可以用于设备冷却，又可以用于产品运输。
Most if not all of the factors in the following list will be considered in the production and operations manager’s plan for site location.
生产经营部的经理在考虑厂址时，通常要考虑以下列出的大部分因素，但可能不是全部的因素
l Ecnomies of cost or other economic advantages for land, buildings or units, taxes, insurance, and so on.
成本经济以及有经济优势的土地、楼房或单元、税收、保险等。
l Nearness to related industries and suppliers, warehouses, or service operations.
靠近相关的产业和供货商，仓库或服务行业。
l Location of competitors.
竞争者的位置。
l Availability of appropriate labor force, considering such factors as quality or low cost.
存在劳动力的地方，并且要考虑诸如劳动力素质和是否低成本的因素。
l Availability of economical transporation for materials and supplies as well as for finished goods.
生产材料和设备以及成品运输成本较低的地方。
l Nearness to market for goods.
靠近公司产品市场的地方
l Air and water conditions.
空气状况和水源条件较好的地方。
l Nearness to plentiful and economical energy sources.
靠近经济实惠且储量巨大的能源。
l Climate and environment in line with needs for the kind of industry and amenable for employees’ lifestyle.
气候和环境负荷企业的需要，并适合员工的生活方式。
l Ample space for planned needs of business and for later expansion.
要有能容纳企业将来发展和扩大需要的足够大的地盘
l Nearness to such employee needs as housing, school, transporation, religious facilities, day care, shopping, and recreational facilities.
照顾员工的需求，靠近住房、学校、交通、教堂、日托、商店以及有娱乐设施的地方。
l Community receptiveness.
社区能接受该企业的地方。
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