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托福试题_阅读理解模拟题及答案5

中华考试网   2016-12-21   【

  Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States, North and South, when

  the Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be

  demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.

  Civil government also had to be put back on a peacetime basis and interference from

  (5) the military had to be stopped.

  The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be

  undertaken also in the North, though less spectacularly. Industries had to adjust to

  peacetime conditions: factories had to be retooled for civilian needs.

  Financial problems loomed large in both the North and the South. The national debt

  (10) had shot up from a modest $565 million in 1861, the year the war started, to nearly $3

  billion in 1865, the year the war ended. This was a colossal sum for those days but one

  that a prudent government could pay. At the same time, war taxes had to be reduced to

  less burdensome levels.

  Physical devastation caused by invading armies, chiefly in the South and border

  (15) states, had to be repaired. This herculean task was ultimately completed, but with

  discouraging slowness.

  Other important questions needed answering. What would be the future of the four

  million black people who were freed from slavery? On what basis were the Southern

  states to be brought back into the Union?

  (20) What of the Southern leaders, all of whom were liable to charges of treason? One

  of these leaders. Jefferson Davis, president of the Southern Confederacy, was the

  subject of an insulting popular Northern song, "Hang Jeff Davis from a Sour Apple

  Tree." and even children sang it. Davis was temporarily chained in his prison cell

  during the early days of his two-year imprisonment. But he and the other Southern

  (25) leaders were finally released, partly because it was unlikely that a jury from Virginia, a

  Southern Confederate state, would convict them. All the leaders were finally pardoned

  by President Johnson in1868 in an effort to help reconstruction efforts proceed with as

  little bitterness as possible.

  41. What does the passage mainly discuss?

  (A) Wartime expenditures

  (B) Problems facing the United States after the

  war

  (C) Methods of repairing the damage caused by

  the war

  (D) The results of government efforts to revive

  the economy

  42. The word "Staggering" in line 1 is closest in

  meaning to

  (A) specialized

  (B) confusing

  (C) various

  (D) overwhelming

  43. The word "devastated" in line 3 is closest in

  meaning to

  (A) developing

  (B) ruined

  (C) complicated

  (D) fragile

  44. According to the passage, which of the following

  statements about the damage in the South

  is correct?

  (A) It was worse than in the North.

  (B) The cost was less than expected.

  (C) It was centered in the border states.

  (D) It was remedied rather quickly.

  45. The passage refers to all of the following as

  necessary steps following the Civil War EXCEPT

  (A) helping soldiers readjust

  (B) restructuring industry

  (C) returning government to normal

  (D) increasing taxes

  46. The word "task" in line 15 refers to

  (A) raising the tax level

  (B) sensible financial choices

  (C) wise decisions about former slaves

  (D) reconstruction of damaged areas

  47. Why does the author mention a popular song

  in lines 22-23

  (A) To give an example of a Northern attitude

  towards the South

  (B) To illustrate the Northern love of music

  (C) To emphasize the cultural differences between

  the North and the South

  (D) To compare the Northern and Southern

  presidents

  48. The word "them" in line 26 refers to

  (A) charges

  (B) leaders

  (C) days

  (D) irons

  49. Which of the following can be inferred from the

  phrase "…it was unlikely that a jury from

  Virginia, a Southern Confederate state, would

  convict them" (lines 25-26)?

  (A) Virginians felt betrayed by Jefferson Davis.

  (B) A popular song insulted Virginia.

  (C) Virginians were loyal to their leaders.

  (D) All of the Virginia military leaders had been

  put in chains.

  50. It can be inferred from the passage that President

  Johnson pardoned the Southern leaders in order to

  (A) raise money for the North

  (B) repair the physical damage in the South

  (C) prevent Northern leaders from punishing more

  Southerners

  (D) help the nation recover from the war

  答案:BDABC ADACB

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