托福考试听力部分：练习十四

　　But you see, art in Renaissance Italy was very mucha collaborative business.

　　但是是这样的，文艺复兴时期的意大利的艺术很多都是协同进行的。

　　Painters and sculptors worked in a workshop. It wasalmost like a small business run by a master artist.

　　那时画家和雕塑家在一个工作室里工作。几乎就像一个由大师艺术家经营的小生意。

　　You see, to deal with a wide variety of commissionsthey received, orders basically, for specific types ofart, specific projects, to handle these, masterartists often employed assistants as apprentices.

　　为了处理他们收到的大量不同的委托，主要是要具体类型的艺术作品的订单，具体的设计，为了处理这些，大师艺术家通常会雇一些助手作为学徒。

　　And this was especially so if they worked on a large scale, huge paintings or sculptures, or ifthey were much in demand, like Raphael, for instance.

　　如果他们在进行一个大工程，巨大的画作或雕塑，或者如果他们的需求很多的话，情况就更是如此了，比如Raphael。

　　He worked on some large paintings. He painted frescos for the Vatican. He also received a greatmany commissions.

　　他画过一些大型的画作，他给梵蒂冈画过壁画，也收到过很多很多委托。

　　There’s no way he could have completed every part of every project all by himself.

　　他是绝不可能光靠自己一个人完成每个项目的每一部分的。

　　Now, these assistants might work for the master artist on a temporary or a permanent basis.

　　这些助手也许是暂时或永久地为大师艺术家工作的。

　　And they might also specialize. For example, in Raphael’s workshop, which might be calledRaphael Incorporated, one of the assistants specialized in animals.

　　他们也许也有自己的专长。比如说，在Raphael的工作室，可能被称作Raphael Incorporated，其中一个助手专攻画动物。

　　He actually painted a good number of the animals in Raphaels’ art.

　　实际上他在Raphael的作品中画过很多动物。