2019年教师资格证《初中英语》专项突破：阅读理解_第4页

　四、猜测词义题

　　这类考题包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测。提问的方式主要有：

　　1. What does the underlined word “...” in the first paragraph mean?

　　2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word?

　　3. The underlined word “...” could best be replaced by________.

　　4. According to the passage, the underlined word “...” is the closest in meaning to “_____”.

　　猜词题的解题方法：

　　1. 根据并列关系：由并列连词 and 确定生词的义域，推知它的大致意义。

　　2. 根据选择关系：由选择连词 or 推知前面或后面的词义。

　　3. 根据同位或解释关系：通过生词后的定语、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解

　　释说明来推测其意思。

　　4. 根据转折关系：表示转折的词有 but, however, otherwise, though 等;

　　5. 根据因果关系：既可由因推果;也可由果推因。表示因果关系的有 because, so that,

　　so/such...that...等。

　　6. 根据列举实例：根据 such as, for example 等后列举的实例可推测出前面某个词语的意思。

　　7. 根据构词法推测词义，有些词根词缀可以帮助我们推测词义。

　　【现场训练】

　　Passage 1

　　On the other hand, why do some medical-studies show changes in the brain cells of some people

　　who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with

　　modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of

　　serious memory loss, He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his

　　own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his

　　working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his

　　employer's doctor didn't agree.

　　The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ________.

　　A. cured B removed C.discovered D. caused

　　【解析】根据上下文，“脑组织的变化”和“现代扫描仪器”之间的关系，显然“发现”最为恰

　　当。应对此类题目，准确定位、回归语境最为重要。

　　Passage 2

　　If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the

　　"novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand,

　　you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature, and exploration of bears.

　　The word “novice” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ________.

　　A. scientist B. creator C. beginner D. expert

　　【解析】“on one hand”和“on the other hand”是一对表对比的两方面，因此可以推知“novice”

　　是“expert”的反义词，即 beginner。