Sex change surgery

共享题干题【2011年真题】（一） Sex change surgery guidelines drafted

       China is set to issue its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery，according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday. The ministry is now soliciting (征求)public and professional __________(51) on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims to regulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery. Experts __________(52) nearly 2，000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100，000 to 400，000 are still considering it. However，no official number is available. In the draft，the MOH sets minimum __________(53) for both surgical candidates and medical institutions. Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single，the draft guideline said. They are also required to prove a persistent __________(54) for a sex change，to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role，and to engage in mental therapy for at least one year. Before surgery can take place，a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operation from a __________(55) after an appropriate series of therapy sessions. Also，several legal requirements must be met__________(56) the procedure. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal __________(57) in the past. Police must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the prospective (未来的) receiver before the__________(58) can take place. The advent (出现) of such a guideline is believed to show that the government is concerned __________(59) the needs of a relatively small number of people who want to change sex. But doctors also warn __________(60) all stakeholders，including the hospital and prospective receivers，should be highly cautious about this surgery. The operation is more than a medical __________(61) due to its huge social and legal consequences. Doctors should make it clear to those __________(62) sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue to live in the original role. The guideline __________(63) surgeons to tell patients about other options such as hormone therapy. They are also required to explain the __________(64) involved，and underlying social barriers including discrimination，and administrative recognition and approval. 　　For the candidates，the surgery itself is not the__________(65) issue in the long run. The real issue is the kind of life he or she will have to lead afterward.