2017年考研《英语一》试题及答案_第3页

　　Because the firm caters only to women, it is discriminating against male customers, too. Is that legal? Angela Cornell of Cornell Law School thinks there could be a loophole. New York’s Human Rights Commission could make an exemption on the ground that SheTaxi offers a service that is in the public interest: women feel safer not getting into cars with strange men. Women-only colleges are allowed, so why not women-only cabs? The snag is that some men may also feel safer getting into cabs with female drivers. A study in 2010 found that 80% of crashes in New York City that kill

　　or seriously injure pedestrians involve male drivers. Women drivers are simply better.

　　26. We can learn from the first paragraph that SheTaxis _______.

　　[A] will increase women driving yellow cabs

　　[B] will change the market of booking taxis online

　　[C] allows female drivers to only choose female passengers

　　[D] lets male passengers insist on male drivers

　　27. It can be inferred that the service of SheTaxis may appeal to_______.

　　[A] women who are nervous about taxi drivers

　　[B] women with certain religious beliefs

　　[C] women who are tired of taking taxis

　　[D] men who ask for a ride

　　28. The word “gropers” (Para. 3) probably refers to_______.

　　[A] people who cause a traffic jam

　　[B] men who make sexual harassment to women

　　[C] men who cause the rush hour in Tokyo

　　[D] people who make taking trains disagreeable

　　29. If SheTaxis is accused of discriminating against men, it may_______.

　　[A] decelerate its launch as an online taxi firm

　　[B] employ both male and female drivers

　　[C] make anti-discrimination law not applicable

　　[D] spring to the defence of its drivers

　　30. SheTaxis may be exempt from illegality by New York ’s Human Rights Commission because_______.

　　[A] its service provided is based on the public interest

　　[B] it discriminates against male passengers

　　[C] it provides service also for male passengers

　　[D] it decreases crashes caused by male drivers

　　Text 3

　　Psychologists have known for a century that individuals vary in their cognitive ability. But are some groups, like some people, reliably smarter than others? In order to answer that question. we grouped 697 volunteer participants into teams of two to five members. Each team worked together to complete a series of short tasks, which were selected to represent the varied kinds of problems that groups are called upon to solve in the real world. One task involved logical analysis, another brainstorming; others emphasized coordination, planning and moral reasoning.

　　Individual intelligence, as psychologists measure it, is defined by its generality: People with good vocabularies, for instance, also tend to have good math skills, even though we often think of those abilities as distinct. The results of our studies showed that this same kind of general intelligence also exists for teams. On average, the groups that did well on one task did well on the others, too. In other words, some teams were simply smarter than others.

　　We found the smartest teams were distinguished by three characteristics. First, their members contributed more equally to the team’s discussions, rather than letting one or two people dominate the group. Second, their members scored higher on a test called Reading the Mind in the Eyes, which measures how well people can read complex emotional states from images of faces with only the eyes visible. Finally, teams with more women outperformed teams with more men. This last effect, however, was partly explained by the fact that women, on average, were better at “mindreading” than men.

　　In a new study, we replicated these earlier findings. We randomly assigned each of 68 teams to complete our collective intelligence test in one of two conditions. Half of the teams worked face to face. The other half worked online, with no ability to see any of their teammates. We wanted to see whether groups that worked online would still demonstrate collective intelligence, and whether social ability would matter as much when people communicated purely by typing messages into a browser.