2017年考研《英语一》试题及答案_第2页

　　Of course, children who love to read are generally immersed in households with lots of books and parents who like to read. So while parents who read to their children later in elementary school may encourage those children to become frequent readers on their own, such behavior can also result from “a whole constellation of other things that goes on in those families,” said Timothy Shanahan, a past president of the International Reading Association.

　　There is not yet strong research that connects reading aloud at older ages to improved reading

　　comprehension. But some literacy experts said that when parents or teachers read aloud to children even after they can read themselves, the children can hear more complex words or stories than they might tackle themselves.

　　“It’s this idea of marinating children in higher-level vocabulary,” said Pam Allyn, founder of LitWorld.Org, a nonprofit group that works to increase literacy among young people. “The read-aloud can really lift the child.” Other literacy experts say the real value of reading to children is helping to develop background knowledge in all kinds of topics as well as exposure to sophisticated

　　language.

　　21. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _______.

　　[A] the younger children and the older children have the same reading patterns

　　[B] for the younger children, being read aloud regularly is good to their school days

　　[C] for the older children, having time to read independently is very important

　　[D] for the older children, having restricted online time is good to develop reading habits

　　22. The phrase “tapered off” (Para. 2) probably means_______.

　　[A] stopped halfway

　　[B] declined gradually

　　[C] turned off

　　[D] read occasionally

　　23. The author mentions “ the report” in Paragraph 3 to show that _______.

　　[A] reading aloud through elementary school is related to children’s reading habits

　　[B] Maggie McGuire’s viewpoint is wrong

　　[C] many parents think that children read independently is the best thing

　　[D] there is little difference between frequent readers and infrequent readers

　　24. Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraphs 4-5?

　　[A] Children who like to read are usually influenced by parents.

　　[B] The family atmosphere is crucial to children’s reading behavior.

　　[C] No obvious evidence proves reading aloud at older ages can strengthen reading comprehension.

　　[D] Some literacy experts believe there is no significance to read aloud for older children.

　　25. Pam Allyn argues that the advantage of read-aloud is that _______.

　　[A] it can enlarge children’s vocabulary

　　[B] it can really improve children’s reading ability

　　[C] it’s helpful to enrich children’s knowledge

　　[D] it’s beneficial for children to understand sophisticated language

　　Text 2

　　Women have been driving yellow cabs in New York since the 1940s, but 99% of drivers are male. Even among drivers of cars booked by phone or online, only 4% are women. That may change with the launch of SheTaxis, an app that lets female passengers insist on female drivers, and vice versa.

　　It will be available in New York City, Westchester and Long Island, and the firm plans to

　　expand to other cities. Stella Mateo, the founder, is betting that quite a few women are nervous and weary of getting into cars driven by men. The service may also appeal to those whose religious beliefs forbid them to travel with unrelated men. Each driver wears a pink pashmina. Men who ask for a ride will be directed to another car service.

　　Similar services thrive in India, South Africa and several Middle Eastern cities. Japan has had women-only railway carriages on and off since 1912. Known as hana densha (flower trains), they offer shelter from the gropers who make rush hour in Tokyo so disagreeable.

　　But SheTaxis faces two speed bumps. One is practical. Demand has been so great that the firm has had to decelerate its launch until it can recruit 500 drivers. The other obstacle is legal. By employing only female drivers, SheTaxis is obviously discriminating against men. Since anti-discrimination law is not always applied with common sense, that may be illegal. And there is no shortage of potential litigants. Yellow cabbies are furious at the growth of online taxi firms such as Uber. “It’s not hard to imagine a guy ... filing suit,” says Sylvia Law of New York University Law School. “SheTaxis’ defence would probably be that its drivers are all independent contractors.”