翻译资格考试冲刺辅导：短文翻译练习

　　中译英短文翻译练习

　　1. 第二届金砖国家国际竞争大会新闻报道

　　第二届金砖国家国际竞争大会9月21日在北京举行。国务院副总理王岐山出席大会开幕式并在致辞中表示，金砖国家作为世界经济的一支重要力量，要认真落实《三亚宣言》及行动计划，充分运用金砖国家国际竞争大会这一平台，密切沟通，进一步加强与世界各国和国际组织在竞争执法领域的合作。

　　The 2nd BRICS International Competition Conference was held on September 21 in Beijing. Vice Premier Wang Qishan attended the Opening Ceremony. He noted in his speech that as an import part of the world economy, the BRICS countries need to implement the Sanya Declaration and the action plan, and make full use of the platform provided by the conference to improve communication and intensify cooperation with other countries and international organizations in the field of competition law enforcement.

　　王岐山说，改革开放30多年来，中国冲破计划经济体制的束缚，探索建立了社会主义市场经济体制，逐步形成统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系，经济发展的动力和活力不断增加。为了营造公平竞争的法制环境，中国制定出台了《反不正当竞争法》、《消费者权益保护法》、《知识产权法》等一系列法律法规，建立和完善竞争执法体制，坚决破除妨碍公平竞争的各种障碍。特别是2008年生效的《反垄断法》，对于预防和制止垄断行为，保护各类市场主体和消费者的合法权益，发挥了重要作用。

　　Wang noted that, more than three decades ago, China broke away from the straitjacket of the planned economy and began to explore a socialist market economy. Now, an integrated, open market system which encourages healthy competition has gradually been formed (has gradually taken form), and the impetus and vigor for economic development is on continuous rise. To foster fair competition, China has improved its legal framework by formulating a series of laws including Law against Unfair Competition, Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests and Intellectual Property Law, built and improved its competition law enforcement system, and took tough measures against unfair competition. The 2008 Antimonopoly Law in particular, has played an important role in preventing and fighting against monopoly and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of diversified market players and consumers.

　　王岐山指出，中国政府高度重视竞争执法工作，依法查处各类不正当竞争行为，鼓励企业公平竞争。去年10月以来，中国政府开展打击侵犯知识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品专项行动，成果显著。“十二五”期间，中国将进一步深化改革，扩大开放，鼓励创新，不断完善各类要素价格形成机制，打破行业垄断，加大竞争执法力度，努力营造公平竞争的市场环境，推动经济又好又快发展。

　　According to the Vice Premier pointed out, the Chinese government is giving high priority to competition law enforcement and has made constant efforts to crack down on unfair competition and encourage healthy competition among businesses. Since last October, China has been waging a successful campaign to fight against IPR violations and manufacturing and distribution of fake and shoddy products. In the 12th five-year plan period, China will deepen reform, open wider to the outside world, encourage innovation, keep improving the price formation mechanism of various factors, break up industrial monopoly, and adopt stricter law enforcement measures, as part of its efforts to build a fair and competitive market and foster sound and rapid economic growth.

　　王岐山强调，在当前全球经济复苏依然面临严峻挑战的背景下，各国竞争执法合作应当紧紧围绕经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长的目标，扩大相互开放，坚决反对各种形式的保护主义，消除贸易和投资壁垒，促进国际市场公平竞争，推动各类生产要素在全球范围内自由流动和优化配置。国际竞争执法合作应体现开放和包容。一方面，各国应当加强交流合作，深入探讨竞争执法的共性问题。另一方面，竞争执法合作要充分考虑各国国情和不同的发展阶段，更多地体现新兴经济体和发展中国家的利益和主张。

　　Wang stressed that, in the face of grim challenges against global economic recovery, competition law enforcement cooperation between nations should be clearly targeted at robust, sustainable and balanced economic growth by opening further to each other, opposing protectionism in various forms, removing trade and investment barriers, fostering fair competition in the international market, and promoting free flow and rational allocation of production factors on a global scale. An open and inclusive attitude should be taken in international enforcement cooperation. On the one hand, all countries need to strengthen communication and cooperation to thoroughly explore the enforcement issues of common concern. On the other hand, the specific national conditions and development levels of different countries should be taken into full consideration so that the interests and positions of emerging economies and other developing nations can be better represented.

　　金砖国家国际竞争大会是金砖国家务实合作的一项重要内容。本届大会由中国工商行政管理总局承办。俄罗斯联邦反垄断局局长、巴西经济保护委员会主席、印度竞争委员会代主席、南非经济发展部部长等与会。

　　The BRICS International Competition Conference is an important part of the pragmatic cooperation mechanism of BRICS countries. The conference this year is hosted by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC) of the People’s Republic of China. Important persons who attended the event include Head of the Federal Anti-Monopoly Service (FAS) of the Russian Federation, President of the Brazilian Council for Economic Defence (CADE), Officiating Chairperson of the Competition Commission of India and Minister of Economic Development of South Africa.

　　2. 胡锦涛访美成果丰硕

　　胡锦涛主席这次对美国进行国事访问是在中美重新打开交往大门40周年之际和21世纪第二个十年伊始进行的一次重要访问，也是中国外交在“十二五”规划开局之年的开篇之作。当前，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂变化，中美关系总体保持积极发展势头，同时难免存在一些矛盾和分歧。在这样特殊的历史背景下，胡锦涛主席应邀对美国进行国事访问，从战略全局的高度就发展新时期中美关系同美国领导人坦诚深入交换意见，意义极其重大。

　　Hu Jintao’s state visit to the United States is an important one at the 40th anniversary of Sino-US diplomatic relations and the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century, and it is also the opening of Chinese diplomacy in the first year of the “Twelfth Five-Year” Plan. Recently, the international situation has continued to undergo profound and complex changes and Sino-US relationship as a whole maintains a positive development momentum. Meanwhile, there have inevitably been some disputes and differences. In such a special historical background, President Hu’s state visit and frank in-depth exchanges of views on Sino-US relationship with U.S. leaders from a strategic overall perspective have a great significance.

　　双方对未来关系的定位，并没有取得特别重大的突破。在双方发表的联合声明中，双方在台湾问题、人民币汇率、双边贸易逆差、人权等一些重大问题上仍然各自进行了不同的表述。双方在地缘安全、全球稳定及经济发展互惠互利却取得了前所未有的共识。

　　China and the United States did not achieve any major breakthrough in positioning future bilateral relationship. In the U.S. - China Joint Statement, the two sides respectively expressed their own views on the Taiwan Issue, RMB exchange rate, bilateral trade deficit, human rights, and other major issues. However, both sides achieved an unprecedented consensus on geopolitical security, global stability and mutually beneficial economic development.

　　从中不难看出，中美战略互信关系仍然定位在求同存异的固有大格局。胡锦涛主席的此次访美，最重要的意义就是为中国把握第二个战略发展机遇期。与邓小平访美所不同的是，当时的中国在很多问题上，特别是经济问题上都有求于美国，因而讨论的问题侧重于经济援助，对除特别重大原则外的很多政治问题则尽量低调模糊。

　　It is obvious that Sino-US strategic relationship of mutual trust is still in the inherent pattern of seeking common ground while accepting the existing differences. The most important achievement of Hu’s visit is that China has seized the second strategic development opportunity. It is different from Deng Xiaoping’s visit to the United States. At that time, China, to some extent relied on the United States in many issues especially in the economic area. Therefore, the Chinese side mainly focused on economic aid, and kept a low-key and vague attitude towards political issues except the principles of particular significance.

　　胡主席访美，美国有许多问题特别是在经济复苏上有求于中国，商谈的问题侧重于政治，在台湾等许多重大问题上，中国坚决坚持原则，有效压制了美国的霸权思维。而在经济问题上，尤其是在中美事实存在的巨额贸易逆差问题上，中国在坚持互惠互利的原则基础上，则对美方尽量给予优惠和照顾。

　　Compared with Deng’s visit, this time the United States relies on China in many issues especially in economic resurgence. Therefore, the issues discussed focus on political ones. China firmly adheres to its own principles in many major issues such as the Taiwan issue, and effectively suppresses the hegemony of the United States. On economic issues, especially on enormous trade deficit existing between China and the United States, China gives as much preference as possible to the United States on the basis of adhering to the principle of mutual benefit.

　　3. 生物质炉灶

　　在设计生物质炉灶时，必须有足够的扩散型空气供给(电灶门或二次空气孔进入)。燃烧室必须有足够的容积和一定的拦火，以便有一定的燃烧空间和燃烧时间。挥发份逐渐析出和燃烧完毕后，燃烧的剩余物为疏松的焦炭。气流运动会将一部分炭粒裹入烟道，形成黑絮，因此通风过强也会降低燃烧效率。挥发份燃尽，固定碳燃烧受到灰分包裹和空气渗透较难的影响，易有残炭遗留。

　　A biomass stove should be designed to have adequate diffusible air supply (through the electric range door or secondary air hole).<0}{0>燃烧室必须有足够的容积和一定的拦火，以便有一定的燃烧空间和燃烧时间。<}0{> Also the combustion chamber must have adequate space and appropriate fire retaining ability to ensure enough combustion space and combustion time.<0}{0>挥发份逐渐析出和燃烧完毕后，燃烧的剩余物为疏松的焦炭。<}0{> Once fugitive constituents are gradually given off and combustion comes to an end, loose charcoal takes form as combustion residues.<0}{0>气流运动会将一部分炭粒裹入烟道，形成黑絮，因此通风过强也会降低燃烧效率。<}0{> Some charcoal particles will be blown into the flue to form black soot as a result of air movement. Therefore excessive ventilation also reduces the combustion efficiency. <0}{0>挥发份燃尽，固定碳燃烧受到灰分包裹和空气渗透较难的影响，易有残炭遗留。<}0{>When fugitive constituents are burnt out, carbon residue is likely to be produced because fixed carbon combustion will be adversely affected by the fact that it is wrapped by ashes and that air infiltration becomes more difficult.