2014年5月托福考试模拟试题及答案(第五套)_第12页

　　The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 1920’s, marked the twentieth century’s　first period of intense activity by African Americans in the field of literature, art, and　music in the United States. The philosophy of the movement combined realism, ethnic　Line consciousness, and Americanism. Encouraged by the example of certain Americans5) of European descent such as Thomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks, who had　included persons of African descent in their paintings as serious studies rather than as　trivial or sentimental stereotypes, African American artists of this period set about　creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States. As they began　to strive for social and cultural independence. Their attitudes toward themselves changed,10) and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes　toward them. Thus, thought the Harlem Renaissance was a short-lived movement, its　impact on American art and culture continues to the present.

　　The district in New York City know as Harlem was the capital of the movement.In 1925 an issue of Survey Graphic magazine devoted exclusively to Harlem and edited　15) by philosopher Alain Locke became the manifesto of the African American artistic　movement. Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism,　take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance　and inspiration. Far from advocating a withdrawal from American culture, as did some of　his contemporaries, Locke recommended a cultural pluralism through which artists could　20) enrich the culture of America. African Americans were urged by Locke to be collaborators　and participators with other Americans in art, literature, and music; and at the same time　to preserve, enhance, and promote their own cultural heritage.

　　Artists and intellectuals from many parts of the United States and the Caribbean had

　　Been attracted to Harlem by the pulse and beat of its unique and dynamic culture. From25) this unity created by the convergence of artists from various social and geographical　backgrounds came a new spirit, which, particularly in densely populated Harlem, was　to result in greater group awareness and self-determination. African American graphic　artists took their place beside the poets and writers of the Harlem Renaissance and　carried on efforts to increase and promote the visual arts.

　　21.What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) African American paintings in the 1920’s

　　(B) An arts movement of the 1920’s

　　(C) The influence of Alain Locke on African　American art

　　(D) Some ways in which African culture　inspired American literature, art and music

　　22. According to the passage, Tomas Eakins,　Robert Henri, and George Luks were important　because of

　　(A) the philosophical contributions they made to　the Harlem Renaissance

　　(B) their development of a new style of African　American art

　　(C) they way in which they depicted African　Americans in their paintings

　　(D) their independence from European artistic　traditions

　　23. The word “them” in line 11 refers to

　　(A) Americans of European descent

　　(B) paintings

　　(C) African American artists

　　(D) attitudes

　　24. According to the passage, African American

　　artists of the 1920’s differed from earlier

　　African American artists in terms of their

　　feelings about

　　(A) themselves

　　(B) other artists

　　(C) their impact on American art

　　(D) stereotypes

　　25.The word “urged” in line 17 is closest in

　　meaning to

　　(A) prepared

　　(B) defined

　　(C) permitted

　　(D) encouraged

　　26. Alain Locke believed all of the following to be

　　important to the African American artistic

　　movement EXCEPT

　　(A) pride in African art

　　(B) cultural pluralism

　　(C) collaboration with other artists

　　(D) withdrawal from American culture

　　27. In mentioning “the pulse and beat” (line24) of

　　Harlem during the 1920’s, the author is

　　characterizing the district as one that

　　(A) depended greatly on its interaction with

　　other parts of the city

　　(B) grew economically in a short period of time

　　(C) was an exciting place to be

　　(D) was in danger of losing population

　　28.The word “convergence” in line 25 is closest in　meaning to

　　(A) gathering

　　(B) promotion

　　(C) expression

　　(D) influence

　　29. According to the passage, all of the following　were true of Harlem in the 1920’s EXCEPT:

　　(A) Some Caribbean artists and intellectuals　lived there.

　　(B) It attracted people from various regions of　United States.

　　(C) It was one of the most expensive　neighborhoods in New York City.

　　(D) It was a unique cultural center.

　　30.The phrase “carried on” in line 29 is closest in　meaning to

　　(A) continued

　　(B) praised

　　(C) transformed

　　(D) connected