yum常用命令

• 1.列出所有可更新的软件清单命令：yum check-update
• 2.更新所有软件命令：yum update
• 3.仅安装指定的软件命令：yum install <package_name>
• 4.仅更新指定的软件命令：yum update <package_name>
• 5.列出所有可安裝的软件清单命令：yum list
• 6.删除软件包命令：yum remove <package_name>
• 7.查找软件包命令：yum search <keyword>
• 8.清除缓存命令:
  • yum clean packages: 清除缓存目录下的软件包
  • yum clean headers: 清除缓存目录下的 headers
  • yum clean oldheaders: 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers
  • yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders) :清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers

实例 1

安装 pam-devel

[root@www ~]# yum install pam-devel
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies  <==先检查软件的属性相依问题
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: pam = 0.99.6.2-4.el5 for package: pam-devel
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pam.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated
filelists.xml.gz          100% |=========================| 1.6 MB    00:05
filelists.xml.gz          100% |=========================| 138 kB    00:00
-> Finished Dependency Resolution
……(省略)

实例 2

移除 pam-devel

[root@www ~]# yum remove pam-devel
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies  <==同样的，先解决属性相依的问题
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================
 Package                 Arch       Version          Repository        Size
=============================================================================
Removing:
 pam-devel               i386       0.99.6.2-4.el5   installed         495 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install      0 Package(s)
Update       0 Package(s)
Remove       1 Package(s)  <==还好，并没有属性相依的问题，单纯移除一个软件

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Erasing   : pam-devel                    ######################### [1/1]

Removed: pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5
Complete!

实例 3

利用 yum 的功能，找出以 pam 为开头的软件名称有哪些？

[root@www ~]# yum list pam*
Installed Packages
pam.i386                  0.99.6.2-3.27.el5      installed
pam_ccreds.i386           3-5                    installed
pam_krb5.i386             2.2.14-1               installed
pam_passwdqc.i386         1.0.2-1.2.2            installed
pam_pkcs11.i386           0.5.3-23               installed
pam_smb.i386              1.1.7-7.2.1            installed
Available Packages <==底下则是『可升级』的或『未安装』的
pam.i386                  0.99.6.2-4.el5         base
pam-devel.i386            0.99.6.2-4.el5         base
pam_krb5.i386             2.2.14-10              base