2016年大学英语四级考试试卷备考模拟题一_第3页

　　[A] 3 million

　　[B] 2.1 million

　　[C] 1.6 million

　　[D] 3.2 million

　　2. Land can be polluted by ________ from agriculture.

　　[A] heavy metals

　　[B] pesticides and nitrate-poor fertilizers

　　[C] slurry from livestock

　　[D] rubbish

　　3. What kind of animal affected by man-made chemicals is not referred in the passage?

　　[A] Polar bears.

　　[B] Mammals.

　　[C] People.

　　[D] Birds.

　　4. What do local residents claim for?

　　[A] They are sick because of years of pollution.

　　[B] They are sick because of industries on their doorsteps.

　　[C] They are sick because of pesticides from agriculture.

　　[D] They are sick because of air pollution.

　　5. The pesticide DDT can be effective against ________.

　　[A] malaria

　　[B] wildlife

　　[C] animals

　　[D] human nervous system

　　6. There is a U.N. convention that can cover ________.

　　[A] problem between neighbors

　　[B] problem between states which do not share a border

　　[C] problems on air pollution

　　[D] trans-boundary air pollution

　　7. What is not said to be a way of cleaning up after ourselves?

　　[A] Throw less away.

　　[B] Design recycled products.

　　[C] Don't use it again.

　　[D] Last longer.

　　8. It found that increases in air pollution tended to ________________________.

　　9. According to Bobby Peek, targeting the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by ________________________.

　　10. Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism, visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to ________________________.Section

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

　　The bacteria that cause a common food-borne illness show low drug resistance in Australia, unlike similar strains from the United States and Europe, a study has found. Scientists behind the finding say Australia's de facto ban on certain antibiotics in poultry (家禽) and other livestock helps explain why.

　　In the study, researchers analyzed samples of Campylobacter jejuni (空肠弯曲杆菌) bacteria from 585 patients in five Australian states.

　　Scientists found that only 2 percent of the samples were resistant to ciprofloxacin (环丙沙星), one of the group of antibiotics known as fluoroquinolonones. By contrast, 18 percent of Campylobacter (弧形杆菌) samples in U.S. patients are immune to fluoroquinolonones, which have been used in the U.S. to prevent or treat respiratory (呼吸的) disease in poultry for a decade.

　　The study, led by Leanne Unicomb, a graduate student at Australian National University in Canberra, was published in the May issue of the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases.

　　"The findings add to the growing body of evidence suggestive of the problems of using fluoroquinolonones in food-producing animals," Unicomb wrote in an email.

　　Campylobacter is the most common food-borne disease in the U.S. and many other industrialized countries.

　　People can contract the pathogen (病原体) by consuming undercooked poultry or meat, raw milk, or contaminated (被污染的) water.

　　Symptoms include fever, vomiting, and diarrhea (腹泻). In rare cases, the disease can trigger paralysis or death.

　　"In most industrial countries Campylobacter is more commonly reported than Salmonella (沙门氏菌), a better-known cause of food poisoning," Unicomb said.

　　"The number of cases of Campylobacter has been on the rise in Australia since the early 90's."

　　In the U.S., about 1.4 million people contracted Campylobacter infections last year, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia.