2017年初级英语笔译考试讲义：汉译英中倍数表示法
二、汉译英中倍数表示法
(一)表示A是B的两倍，汉语通常说“A是B的两倍”或者“A比B大/多/增长/涨了一倍，增加了百分之一百或翻了一番”，在英语中通常有三种表达法：
1.A is+twice/two times+as+形容词+as B.例如：
1) 这座山的高度是那座山的两倍。
This mountain is twice/two times as high as that one.
2) 本地区每公顷的水稻产量是那地区的两倍。
The per-hectare yield of rice in this area is twice as much as in that area.
2.A is+twice+the+名词+of B。如上面两句可以改为：
This mountain is twice/two times the height of that one.
The per-hectare yield of rice in this area is twice the amount of that in that area.
3.A+动词double或increase by 100%。例如：
3) 和1990年相比，本地区的水稻产量翻了一番。
译文一：The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has doubled compared with what it was in 1990.
译文二：The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has increased by 100%, compared with what it was in 1990.
(二)表示A是B的三倍，汉语通常说“A是B的三倍”或者“A比B大/多/增长/涨了两倍或增加了百分之二百”，在英语中通常有三种表达法：
1.A is three times/thrice as+形容词+as+B。例如：
4) 这座山是那座山的三倍高。
This mountain is three times as high as that one.
5) 这条街是那条街的三倍宽。
This street is three times as wide as that one.
2.A is three times/thrice+the+名词+of B。如上面两句也可译为：
This mountain is three times the height of that one.
This mountain is three times the width of that one.
3.用to increase by 200%或动词treble。例如：
6) 本地区的水稻产量是1990年的三倍。
译文一：The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has trebled compared with what it was in 1990.
译文二：The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has increased by 200%, compared with what it was in 1990.
(三)表示四倍以上的概念，汉语的方法与三位的表示法一样，但是英语中比上面多了“A is three times+比较级形容词+than B”一种表示法。例如：
7)地球的体积是月球的四十九倍。
译文一：The earth is 49 times as large as the moon.
译文二：The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
译文三：The earth is 48 times larger than the moon,
8)这座工厂的产量是原来的四倍。
译文一：The output of the factory is four times as much as what it used to be.
译文二：The output of the factory is four times the amount of what it used to be.
译文三：The output of the factory is three times greater than what it used to be
译文四：The output of the factory has increased by 300u/o.
