Passage 1
【语篇导读】 麻疹是一种原本在美国彻底消失的疾病,但最近正在卷土重来,主要原因是一些人拒绝注射麻疹疫苗。事实上,只有所有人都参与进来,群体免疫才会有效果。
1.The first two paragraphs suggest that .
A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend
B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention
C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons
D.information about measles spreads quickly
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The numbers might sound small,but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend.”可推断出,麻疹患者的数量虽然不算多,但是很有可能会引发危险。
2.Herd immunity works well when .
A.exemptions are allowed
B.several vaccines are used together
C.the whole neighborhood is involved in
D.new regulations are added to the state laws
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in.”可知,只有所有人群都参与进来,群体免疫才能最大限度地发挥效用。
3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?
A.The overuse of vaccine.
B.The lack of medical care.
C.The features of measles itself.
D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知,麻疹卷土重来的主要原因是一些人拒绝注射麻疹疫苗。
4.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce the idea of exemption.
B.To discuss methods to cure measles.
C.To stress the importance of vaccination.
D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是强调接种疫苗的重要性。
【长难句分析】This is called “herd immunity”,which protects the people who get hurt easily,including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons,babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.
这就是所谓的“群体免疫”,它能保护那些容易受伤的人,包括那些由于医学原因不能接种疫苗的人,太小而不能接种疫苗的婴儿和疫苗不起作用的人。
本句结构比较复杂。which引导的是非限制性定语从句,第一个who引导的是定语从句,修饰the people,在including引导的短语中,who引导的是限制性定语从句,修饰those,on whom是“介词+关系代词”结构,引导限制性定语从句,修饰people。
Passage 2
【语篇导读】本文报道了意大利最近采取的一项限制移民的措施,即要求移民通过一项语言考试来获得工作条件甚至居民身份。
1.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?
A.To continue to stay in Italy.
B.To teach her children Italian.
C.To find a better job in Italy.
D.To better mix with the Italians.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test...” 可知她参加考试的原因是要继续留在意大利,故A项正确。
2.Some people worry that the new language requirement may .
A.reduce Italy’s population quickly
B.cause conflicts among people
C.lead to financial difficulties
D.put pressure on schools
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration.”可知,糟糕的经济状况已经让本土人很难保住工作,而这样一项措施使得移民压力变大,可能会导致排外而不是融合,故B项正确。
3.What do we know about Cojochru?
A.She lives with her sister now in Italy.
B.She enjoys learning the Italian language.
C.She speaks Italian well enough for her job.
D.She wishes to go back to her home country.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently...”可知,她能熟练地讲意大利语,故C项正确。B项在文中未提到;A、D两项和文章倒数第二段内容矛盾。
【长难句分析】Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合).
一些移民倡导者担心,由于经济困难时期使本地人更加难以保持工作,这些措施将成为不宽容而不是融合的机会。
本句是一个复合句。that引导的是宾语从句,在宾语从句中有一个as引导的原因状语从句,it是形式宾语,代替后面的动词不定式短语。
