2010年11月河北成人学位英语考试真题及答案（部分）_第5页

　　二、阅读理解

　　Good sense is the most equitable distributed (divide) thing in the world , for each man considers himself so well provided with it that even those who are most difficult to satisfy in everything else do not usually wish to have more of it than they have already. It is not likely that everyone is mistaken in this; it shows, rather, that the ability to judge rightly and separate the true from the false, which is essentially what is called good sense or reason (很强的判断力), is by nature (生来)equal in all men, and thus that our opinions differ not because some men are better endowed with(获得的判断力)reason than others, but only because we direct our thoughts along different paths, and do not consider the same things, for it is not enough to have a good mind: what is most important is to apply it rightly. The greatest souls are capable of the greatest vices; and those who walk very slowly can advance much further, if they always keep to the direct road, than those who run and go astray (误入迷途).

　　For my part, I have never presumed my mind to be more perfect than average in any way; I have, in fact, often wished that my thoughts were as quick, or my imagination as precise and distinct, or my memory as capacious or prompt, as those of some other men.

　　And I know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, inasmuch as it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from the beasts(animals), I am quite willing to believe that is whole and entire in each of us, and to follow in the common opinion of the philosophers who say that there are differences of more or less only among the accidents, and not among the forms, or natures, of the individuals of a single species.

　　1、According to the author, the three elements that comprise the perfect mind are ____

　　A.Tenacity(固执)of thought, capacious memory, quickness of mind

　　B.precise imagination, tenacity of memory, quickness of thought

　　C.quickness of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thought

　　D.promptness of memory, distinctness of imagination, quickness of thought

　　2、The basic idea of the first paragraph may be stated as follows: _____

　　A.all persons have an equal portion of good will when they are born

　　B.great souls are capable of great evil

　　C. good sense, in terms of its distribution among persons, may be called common sense

　　D.good sense is the mark of the truly good person

　　3、About himself, the author states that _____

　　A.he had always sensed his mental superiority over most persons

　　B.his awareness of his mental superiority over other was something that grew slowly, with experience

　　C.he actually regards his own mental faculties as inferior in many ways to those of the great majority of persons.

　　D.he has never had the feeling that his mind was more perfect than average in any way

　　4、The author claims that what sets human beings apart from beasts is _____.

　　A.a sense of organization combines with the ability to create

　　B.the ability to adapt to the surroundings

　　C.a sense of reason coupled with a strong sense of practicality

　　D.a sense or reason

　　5、According to the author the ability to distinguish between the true and the false is ____.

　　A.endowed by nature to all creatures

　　B.endowed in equal measure to all people

　　C.more heavily present in some people that in others

　　D. an unnatural, cultivated trait in all people

　　参考答案：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B

　　In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress — it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.

　　By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.

　　But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many — like the death of a loved one — are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.

　　The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.

　　1. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us __________.

　　A) the way you handle major events may cause stress

　　B) what should be done to avoid stress

　　C) what kind of event would cause stress

　　D) how to cope with sudden changes in life

　　2. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to _________.

　　A) widespread concern over its harmful effects

　　B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause

　　C) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses

　　D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs

　　3. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.

　　A) how much pressure you are under

　　B) how positive events can change your life

　　C) how stressful a major event can be

　　D) how you can deal with life-changing events

　　4. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?

　　A) No one can stay on the same job for long.

　　B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.

　　C) People have to get married someday.

　　D) You could be missing opportunities as well.

　　5. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ________.

　　A) nervous when faced with difficulties

　　B) physically and mentally strained

　　C) more capable of coping with adversity

　　D) indifferent toward what happens to them

　　答案 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C