一、概述
选择题考察词语用法和语法结构(PartⅡVocabulary and Structure),共30题,考试时间25分钟。题目中50%为词和短语的用法,50%为语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
词语用法和语法结构部分主要考核学生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。考试范围包括全日制文理科教学大纲中词汇表及语法结构表一至三级的主要内容。
挑错(Part Ⅲ Identification),共10题,考试时间10分钟。挑错题
由10个单句组成。每个句子含有标着A、B、C、D的四个划线部分,其中有一处是错误的,要求考生从上个划线部分中挑出其错误的部分。
挑错部分是词语语法和语法结构部分的延伸,目的是测试学生掌握词汇、短语及语法结构的熟练程度,其重点是固定搭配和句型。
二、常见词汇辨析题
1.She _____ us that every would be all right.
A. assured B. ensured C. insure D. secure
答案:A
解析:assure、ensure、insure、secure都有“保证”这个意思,但它们有着细微的。assure强调消除疑虑,题干的意思是“她向我们保证会一切顺利”,因此应该用assure.ensure强调实实在在的保障,如“The letter ensured an interview.”暗含了有了这封信就一定可以参加面试的意思。Insure则强调事先准备以保证。最后secure则表示采取措施排除负面因素从而保证。
2.She asked me to ______ her at 7.
A. awake B. awaken C. waken D. The three answers are all right
答案:D
解析:awake,形容词,“醒着的”,动词,“唤醒、醒来”。作为动词,它的用法与wake(up)相似,既可是及物动词,如“My interest awoke when I saw the chance for profit.”(看到有机会盈利我就有了兴趣)和“The project awoke his interest.”awaken和waken一样,也可作及物和不及物动词,表示“唤醒”和“醒来”的意思。
3.The meeting will begin at 9:00 according to the ______.
A. calendar B. schedule C. column D. diagram
答案:B
解析:四个选项的意思分别是calendar,日历,schedule,日程安排,column,专栏,diagram,图解。Schedule还可以作动词,意思是“安排”,如“the flight is scheduled at six”。词组on schedule意为“准时地”。此外还要掌握column一词也可指“体积”。
4.He spoke so quickly; I didn't ______ what he said.
A. receive B. accept C. listen D. catch
答案:D
解析:catch是一个意项很多的词,可以表示“抓住”“捕获”“赶上车”“感染”等。可用catch sb. doing ,意为当场抓住某人做某事,如:“She caught me cheating on the test.”。这里catch指“理解”“懂得”。
5.It is said that he ____ murder.
A. committed B. conducted C. executed D. emitted
答案:A
解析:commit,动词,意为“干、犯(坏事)”。与之相关的词有commitment和committee,“委员会”。Conduct ,动词,“指挥、引导”。如“He conducts himself quite well these days in school.(他这些天在学校表现不错。)”,“Being the only son, he had to conduct the family business after his father's death.”。另外,作为动词它还有“传热、传导”的意项。它也可以作名词,意思是“行为、品行”。与之相关的词有conductor,“领队、乐队指挥”、“售票员、列车员”“导体”。Execute,动词,意为“执行”、“处死”,如“to execute a plan”。Executive,形容词,“实行的”,名词,“管理人员”。Emit,动词,“发射、发出”。
6.The door is shut _____ and clocked.
A. fast B. tight C. firm D. sound
答案:A
解析:fast要这里是作副词,意思是“紧紧地”。除此之外,它还可以表示“完全地”,与sound相似。Tight和firm如果换成它们的副词形式tightly和firmly在这里也是适合的。Sound也可以作副词,意思是“完全地、彻底地”,如“He's sound asleep”。
7.Many crops were grown on the____ land.
A. barren B. bare C. fertile D. deserted
答案:C
解析:barren,形容词,“贫瘠的”,与fertile构成反义词。Bare,形容词,“赤裸裸的、光秃的”,如“bare feet(光脚)”。Deserted,由动词desert(抛弃、荒废)的过去分词构成的形容词,意为“荒废的”。
8.He_____ our doubts with a clear explanation.
A. set B. settled C. fixed D. established
答案:B
解析:这四个词都有“放在合适的位置”的意思,但各有强调之处。Set强调放置在确定的位置上,如“set food on the table” ;settle表示放置在稳定、安全的位置上,如“ They settled gradually in their new home ”,也可表示调整先前混乱的情况,本题取的就是这个意项;fix更强调永久性、稳固性,如“fix a pole in the ground ”;而establish可以表示在将某物放入位置之后加固的进程,如“Don't remove the tree when it is established”.
9.The dream of a world without war is yet to be_____.
A. recognized B. filled C. fulfilled D. flourished
答案:C
解析:recognize,动词一,“认出、认识到”。Fulfill,动词,“完成、履行”,通常搭配使用的名词有duty、dream、need等。Flourish,动词,“繁荣、兴旺”,如“The business is flourishing”
10.The_____ will be used to help young writers to publish their works.
A. fee B. capital C. fund D. investment
答案:C
解析:fee,名词,“费用”,指接受他人的服务后应付的费用。Capital,名词,“资本”。Fund,名词,“基金、资金”,指为某项事业而筹集的钱。Investment,名词,“投资”,如foreign investment.
11.My salary is enough to _____the family.
A. retain B. obtain C. maintain D. remain
答案:C
解析:retain,动词,“保持”,如“The clothing retains its color. (这衣服不掉色。)”。Obtain,动词,“得到、获取”,如“ I haven't been able to obtain that album anywhere. ” .Maintain,动词,“保持、维持”,指持续拥有,如“ They maintained their friendship for over forty years. ”。这里maintain 指“供养”。Remain,动词,“保持”,指处于某种状态不变,如“ She remained unknown until her death.”。
12.The little boy ____ to tie his shoelaces but failed.
A. hesitated B. attempted C. managed D. meant
答案:B
解析:hesitate,动词,“犹豫”。Attempt,动词,“试图”,常用attempt to do,多用于表示没有成功的尝试,也可作名词。 Manage,动词,“应付、处理”,如“ I can manage it myself.”,manage to do指“做成某事”,如“I managed to find what I was looking for.”名词management指“管理”, manager 指“经理”。mean to的意思是“意欲、打算”,如“ I didn't mean to imply(暗示) that you were dishonest”。
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