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2013年英语四级改错题常考要点-非谓语动词1

考试网   2013-12-05   【

  非谓语动词

  (一) 分词

  现在分词和过去分词的区别

  ①、用于句首作状语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动

  例:Won its war for independence in 1783, the United States then

  A

  struggled to establish its own economic and financial system.

  B      C            D

  分析:分词作状语,主要看是主动还是被动,美国赢得应该是主动,所以A错,改won为winning

  ②、用于名词后面作后置定语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动

  例:In the nineteenth century the Mohave Indians lived in

  A               B

  the Northern Hemisphere grew their crops on river bottom lands.

  C         D

  分析:B错,生活在什么地方的人,人生活是主动,因此改为living

  一些动词后面必须用doing

  对于加doing的词来说,考试中一般出现一个,下面这些词都是要加doing的,请考生牢记。

  mind, finish, enjoy, celebrate, adjust

  advocate, suggest

  delay, quit

  forgive(原谅),tolerate,

  avoid, escape(逃避)

  spend+名词+doing;

  have trouble/difficult/a problem/ +doing

  例:Long before the dawn of recorded history, humans celebrated to harvest their

  A     B    C              D

  crops.

  分析:D错,应改为harvesting。及物动词celebrate直接带名词、名词短语或动名词短语作宾语,故将to harvest改为harvesting。

  例:Some experts have advocated to bring that country into the talks,

  A        B

  to revive the intermittent dialogue that began after the 1967 Middle East War.

  C          D

  分析:A错,advocate 后面直接跟doing, 改为advocate bringing

  (二) 不定式

  A. 动词不定式的省略

  ①、help后面可以省略to

  help to do

  help sb. to do

  例:A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid

  A      B

  the habits that might shorten the lives.

  C     D

  分析:D错,应改为their. 定冠词在句中不如代词所有格明确,如果lives后面有定语就可以用the。注意(A)并没有错,help后面可以接不带to的不定式。

  ②、使役动词后面要省略to, 这样的动词只有三个

  make,

  let,

  have sb. do sth

  注意get不是使役动词,get sb. to do sth.

  例:A conductor used signals and gestures to let the musicians

  A               B

  to know when to play various parts of a composition.

  C     D

  分析:let是使役动词,后面不需要to, C改为know

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