雅思考试分类词汇：有关外贸相关词汇

港元的联系汇率制 

the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 

坏帐、呆帐、死帐 

bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 

反倾销措施 

anti-dumping measures against …… 

通货紧缩 

deflation 

通货膨胀 

inflation 

非配额产品 

quota-free products 

非生产性投资 

investment in non-productive projects 

风险管理/评估 

risk management/ assessment 

风险基金 

venture capital 

风险准备金 

loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 

搞活国有大中型企业 

revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 

规模经济 

scale economy/ economies of scale 

国合企业（即国有合作社） 

state-owned cooperatives 

国际收支 

balance of international payments/ balance of payment 

国际收支不平衡 

disequilibrium of balance of payment 

国家补贴 

public subsidies 

国家现汇结存 

state foreign exchange reserves 

合理引导消费 

guide rational consumption 

季节性调价   seasonal price adjustments 

既成事实  established/accomplished facts 

技工贸结合的科技型企业  scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 

劳动密集性企业  labor-intensive enterprises 

乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费  unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises 

千年问题、千年虫  millennium bug 

企业技术改造  technological updating of enterprises 

企业亏损补贴  subsidies to cover enterprise losses 

实行国民待遇   grant the national treatment to 

平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针  pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development 

瓶颈制约  “bottleneck”restrictions 

皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company 

放松银根 ease monetary policy　 

流动人口　 floating population　 

企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 

贪图安逸　 crave comfort and pleasure　 

消费膨胀　 inflated consumption　  化　 informationize　 

无氟冰箱　 freon-free refrigerator　 

无纸交易　 paperless transaction　 

适销对路的产品　 readily marketable products　 

倒爷　 profiteer　 

机构臃肿　 overstaffing in (government) organizations 

机构重叠　 organizational overlapping　 

利改税　 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 

经常性的财政收入　 regular revenues　 

慢性萧条　 chronic depression　 

双重轨制　 two-tier system / double-track system　 

就业前培训　 pre-job training　 

岗位培训　 on-the-job training　 

对外项目承包 foreign project contracting 

劳务合作 labor service cooperation 

外援方式　 modality of foreign aid 

自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999 

所有制形式 forms of ownership 

以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis 

风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment 

国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state 

中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例 Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan 

部长级会议 ministerial meeting 

公正合理 equitable and rational 

抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities 

减免债务 reduce and cancel debts 

工程项目 engineering project 

同步增长 increase in the same pace