托福TOEFL词汇题精选单词题400题（15）

　　281. Though other materials were sometimes used, these four were the staples in their finest basketry.

　　The word "staples" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) combinations

　　(B) limitations

　　(C) accessories

　　(D) basic elements

　　282. Every Pomo basket maker knew how to produce from fifteen to twenty distinct patterns that could be combined in a number of different ways.

　　The word "distinct" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) systematic

　　(B) beautiful

　　(C) different

　　(D) compatible

　　283. Periodically, molten material wells out of the Earth's interior to invade the surface layers or to flow onto the surface itself.

　　The word "invade" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) move into

　　(B) neutralize

　　(C) cover

　　(D) deposit

　　284. Granite may be found on the surface of the contemporary landscape, but from its coarse texture we know that it must have formed through slow cooling at a great depth and later been laid bare by erosion.

　　The word "contemporary" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) vast

　　(B) natural

　　(C) existing

　　(D) uneven

　　285. The most finely grained igneous rock is volcanic glass or obsidian, which has no crystals.

　　The word "finely" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) minutely

　　(B) loosely

　　(C) sensitively

　　(D) purely

　　286. It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared-the use of money and commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coal or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools.

　　The phrase "in place of" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) connected to

　　(B) in addition to

　　(C) because of

　　(D) instead of

　　The word "attendant" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) avoidable

　　(B) accompanying

　　(C) unwelcome

　　(D) unexpected

　　287. Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16, 000 in 1760, cities grew by exponential leaps through the eighteenth century.

　　The phrase "exponential leaps" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) long wars

　　(B) new laws

　　(C) rapid increases

　　(D) exciting changes

　　288. The quality of the hinterland dictated the pace of growth of the cities.

　　The word "dictated" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) spoiled

　　(B) reduced

　　(C) determined

　　(D) divided

　　289. The land surrounding Boston had always been poor farm country, and by the mid- eighteenth century it was virtually stripped of its timber. The available farmland was occupied; there was little in the region beyond the city to attract immigrants.

　　The word "virtually" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) usually

　　(B) hardly

　　(C) very quickly

　　(D) almost completely

　　290. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheet can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.

　　The word "essential" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) introductory

　　(B) changeable

　　(C) beneficial

　　(D) fundamental