托福考试题型及解题策略：主旨目的题

　　主旨目的题

　　什么是主旨目的题?

　　requires the listener to understand critical vocabulary phrases or facts from several points in a text and to interpret to identify the key points of the text. Questions that test understanding the gist may require you to generalize or synthesize information in what you hear.

　　如何识别主旨目的题?

　　What are the students mainly discussing? ETS

　　What is the main topic of the talk? ETS

　　What is the lecture mainly about?

　　What is the talk mainly about?

　　What is the main purpose of the lecture?

　　What is the professor mainly discussing?

　　文章的主旨展开方式

　　(1)直接展开：

　　ltoday we are going to be talking about…

　　lI’d like to begin my lecture by introducing…

　　llet’s focus on…

　　llet’s now take a look at…

　　(2)问答式展开：

　　lhow are companies typically structured?

　　lDo you remember what they are?

　　lHow can you understand it?

　　lWhy does human being consider it important?

　　(3)全文关键词总结

　　(4)练习一：The listening passage will begin like this: “Listen to part of a lecture in an astronomy class”. Pay attention to the name of this course.

　　lListen to part of a lecture in a ___________class.

　　(5)练习二：Listen to 10 sentences and take down the topic words.

　　lI have several slides of _________, from the fifteenth century.

　　lSo last time we were discussing, uh, _________. Today we are going to look at __________.

　　lWell, today’s lecture is about _________.

　　lIf you read the chapter, the one about _________, then you have some background for today’s lecture.

　　lI’m going to share a different approach with you today called _________.

　　lOk, let’s begin our discussion of __________.

　　l…then let’s get on with our discussion of __________.

　　lFrom your syllabus, you know that today we are talking about __________.

　　lLet’s ask ourselves this simple question: how does an ___________ make you well?

　　lAll right. We’ve been talking about _________, now let’s turn our attention to __________.

　　选项特征

　　l正确选项标志词：history, development, background, information, growth, origin, features, characteristics, invention, creation, innovation, evolution, era, trend, comparison, classification等

　　l干扰选项特征：

　　Too general: an idea that is beyond the focus of the conversation or lecture

　　too specific: a supporting detail instead of a main idea

　　inaccurate: not true, or only partially true, according to the speakers

　　irrelevant: about something that the speakers don’t mention

　　场景词汇：

　　lDiagnose, patient’s illness, painful, technological advance, blood and tissue sample, diagnostic techniques, detect diseases, variations in temperature, X rays, side effect, uncomfortable, endure pain, health care

　　lMedical clinic and infirmary, nursing staff, get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs, pneumonia, stay in the infirmary, don’t feel well, rest more and skip a few classes, get medical excuse, the clinic hour, emergency number

　　lModern medical facility, health needs, dental clinic, maternity ward, operating room, special sugery, surgeons

　　lStudent Health Services, blood pressure, university nutritionists, processed foods, university hospital

　　lPain, discharge, slight earache, take it easy

　　lPrevention, symptoms, cough, fever, funny nose, head and bones ache, chill, flu, influenza, overtired, stressed out, exposure to virus, sneeze, airborne virus, body’s resistance, ward off the flu, rest, eat well, drink a lot of water, immune system, fight off illness, immunized, vaccine, university health center