2016年托福语法词汇专项强化习题五

　　1. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body.

　　A. in disease

　　B. that disease

　　C. of disease

　　D. about disease

　　答案：B

　　分析：动词believe 的用法：直接加that引导的宾语从句。这里that为连接adv.，在句中不作任何成分，其后接完整句。

　　参考译文：大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病来源人体内不平衡的体液。

　　2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.

　　A. she was the first woman to conduct

　　B. the first woman conductor

　　C. the woman was first conducting

　　D. the woman conducts first

　　答案：B

　　分析：缺宾语，答案中只有B，D可以作宾语，但D的语序不对。

　　参考译文：1976，Sarah Caldwell成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家。

　　补充： 常考 the first/second/… one to do sth

　　3. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City’s Metropolitan Opera House.

　　A. the first African American

　　B. the first African American was

　　C. she was the first African American

　　D. when the first African American

　　答案：A

　　分析：缺宾语，C， D都不能作宾语。一句话中只能有一个谓语，而B中有was，句中出现两个谓语，一定错。

　　参考译文：1955年1月7号，Marian Anderson成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House担任主唱的美籍黑人。

　　4. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States， _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.

　　A. and accelerated a phenomenon

　　B. a phenomenon that accelerated

　　C. accelerating a phenomenon which，

　　D. the acceleration of which phenomenon

　　答案：B

　　分析：考的是同位语结构，a phenomenon是 the decentralization of cities throughout the United States 的同位语。A中and为conj.，后面应该连接一个完整的句子，但缺主语，错;C中语序混乱，错; D中of which作为介词宾语，后面应该接一个完整句，但只有一个phenomenon主语，句子不完整，错。

　　参考译文：可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化，当大规模高速公路建设项目容许了更大程度的发展郊区，这个现象更被促进了。

　　补充： accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve都可以是vi.不接宾语

　　5. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _________ President.

　　A. he became

　　B. when becoming

　　C. became

　　D. did he become

　　答案：A

　　分析：before为状语从句引导词conj，后面一般引导一个完整的句子。B同时出现两个状语从句引导词，错;C缺主语;D应该为正常语序，选项中使用了倒装句式，错。

　　6. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabinet， served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.

　　A. the first female member

　　B. was the first female member

　　C. the first female member who

　　D. of whom the first female member

　　答案：A

　　分析：主语同位语结构。B中多了一个谓语was，因为后面已经有一个谓语动词served， 一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错; C中who多余，用法也不正确;D中of whom多余，不是定语从句，考的是同位语结构。

　　参考译文：Frances Perkins，是美国内阁的第一为女性成员，她从1933到1945年在内阁担任劳工部秘书。

　　7. When _________ to dough and heated， carbon dioxide is released， causing the dough to rise.

　　A. is added baking powder

　　B. added baking powder is

　　C. is baking powder added

　　D. baking powder is added

　　答案：D

　　分析：When为状语从句引导词;语序应该为正常语序，A，C错;B语序混乱，明显应该用被动形式，而且有固定结构add to.

　　参考译文：当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候，会释放出二氧化碳，使得面团涨开。