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2016年托福考试语法考点讲义专项辅导一

中华考试网   2016-07-29   【

  1. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while__________.

  (A) spoken is slander

  (B) is spoken slander

  (C) slander is spoken

  (D) is slander spoken

  答案:C

  考点:词序/主謂結構。

  分析:連词while後連接句子,兩邊是對比關係,同句式、同結構。本句while前的libel is printed為“主系表”結構,應在答案中尋找相同的結構,即(C)。

  2. Great numbers of tiny shelled animals—on the ocean floor.

  (A) Live

  (B) Living

  (C) They will live

  (D) If they lived

  答案:A

  考点:謂語。

  分析:空格前是名词性成份,作句子主語,應在答案中選擇謂語動词,即(A)。(B)不能單獨作謂語;(C) 重複了主語,(D)是從句。

  3. The knee is the joint __________the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.

  (A) when

  (B) where

  (C) why

  (D) which

  答案:B

  考点:從句連接词。

  分析:空格前的joint表示地點,定語從句的連接词應當用指示地點的where。(A)指時間;(C)指原因;(D)指事物;且與從句中的主語the thigh bone重複。

  4. Closed plane figures like the square or the equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class __________polygons.

  (A) called

  (B) to call

  (C) is called

  (D) call as

  答案:A

  考点:分词短語作後置定語。

  分析:橫線前的class是名词,其後的部分應是它的定語。這個定語要麼是從句,要麼是短語。4個答案中無完整的從句,只有(A)是過去分词,可與橫線後的polygons組成短語,故選(A)。(C)如加上關係代词which或that則亦為正確。(B)to call应为被動語態(to be called),這種結構通常省掉to be,成為(A)的形式。

  解題要點:分词短語作後置定語是TOEFL考題中反復出現的題型。它實際上等於係词(be)結構的定語從句省去which/that+be部分,只保留分词及其後成份。

  5. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have __________, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.

  (A) tastes sharp

  (B) sharp-tasting

  (C) a sharp taste

  (D) tasting sharp

  答案:C

  考点:賓語。

  分析:動词have要求名词性的成份作它的賓語,應在答案中選擇名词或名词片語,即(C)。(A)是系表結構;(B)是形容词;(D)是分词短語。

  6. __________the history of the tough, strong-willed Nebraska farmer.

  (A) Not only is much of the history of Nebraska

  (B) Although it is much of the history of Nebraska that is

  (C) It is much the history of Nebraska’s being

  (D) Much of the history of Nebraska is

  答案:D

  考点: 主謂結構。

  分析:空格後只剩下名词性的成份,說明句子缺少主語和謂語動词,應在答案中尋找主語+動词的形式,即(D),much為名词。

  7. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability __________emotional depth to her songs.

  (A) be giving

  (B) are given

  (C) being given

  (D) to give

  答案:D

  考点:不定式/習語。

  分析:空格及其後部分是名词ability的定語,應在答案中選擇可做後置定語的不定式形式,即(D)。(A)、(B)是謂語動词形式,不能作定語。(C)分词雖可作定語,但用了被動態,與句意不合。

  解題要點: 與be able to do sth.一樣,ability to do sth也是固定結構。請務必記住這兩個句式。

  8. __________1895 did Cornell University begin to offer a degree in ornithology.

  (A) Not until

  (B) Not since

  (C) Until

  (D) In

  答案:A

  考点:倒裝句。

  分析:看到did出現在主語前,知道句子用了倒裝,時間狀語…1895提前。應在答案中選擇用於倒裝句的短語,即Not until…。(B) Not since用於完成時態,而本句為過去時;(C)、(D)不適於倒裝句。

  解題要點;Not until十倒裝句是TOEFL常考題型。

  9. Uniform acceleration occurs __________the rate of change remains the same over successive and equal intervals of time.

  (A) according

  (B) if

  (C) with

  (D) under

  答案:B

  考点:連词。

  分析:空格前是一完整的主謂結構的句子,空格後的句子是它的狀語從句,所缺為引導狀語從句的連词。4個答案中只有(B)if是連词。(C)(D)是介词,(A)是副词,均不可連接從句。

  10. People’s expectations for a higher standard of living increase __________.

  (A) conditions in their community improve

  (B) since conditions in their improving community

  (C) conditions improve in their community

  (D) as conditions in their community improve

  答案:D

  考点:狀語從句。

  分析:空格前是一完整的主謂結構的句子,後面缺少的應是作狀語的短語或從句。4個答案中無相應的短語,只有(D)是完整的從句,故選(D)。(A)、(C)均無連接词,(B)不是完整的句子。

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