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But for the leaders in business, the information surge has triggered its own unintended consequences, especially for those over 40.Today new employees arrive on their first day with an alarming amount of know-it-all.They have already read about you, and the online critiques of your plans, strategies and management style.The bloggers and the twitters all receiving steady streams of in-house gossip analyze, assess and ridicule every business moment.In this environment, traditional management is impossible.The hierarchical, layered structures in which company information is carefully managed and then selectively passed down the line have crumbled.The online era has made command-and-control management as another dial-up Internet.
Although decision-making has always been the task of a leader, it has become harder. The online world has guaranteed that every remark about your business and every change you implement will trigger a viral frenzy of second-guessing.Borrowing from the black bag of politics, your competitors will also be spreading their version of “opposition research”, feeding the blogosphere with critiques of your leadership.
So the greatest task for leadership in business is the ability to cut through the information clutter and make clear decisions without apology.More than at any time, employees need unequivocal direction.Leaders should not only grow a thicker skin, but also understand how important they can be to their own team by interpreting both the news and the disinformation.When some CEOs spoke to an audience, they were often required to talk about their reaction to some recent press story or the latest legislative debate.These are wonderful opportunities for leadership.Employees, investors, customers and business partners are heartened by those who can sift through the flood of opinion and clearly communicate what matters and what doesn't 一 to the enterprise.
Of course, communication cannot be a one-way street.The central role of information in business life has made two other much neglected leadership tasks more urgent.
The first is listening.Listening to your employees at every level is one of the best paths to new insights.Precisely because the Internet has made information so plentiful, your own team is likely to be full of ideas that should be tapped into.
The second obligation that information creates for executives is to identify and mentor thought leaders.It is pressing to find those employees who have the ability to digest and interpret information for others.
The flood of information is only going to rise.Leadership will increasingly mean leveraging that information, clarifying it, and using it to advance your strategy, engage customers and motivate employees.Business stakeholders are interested not only in your products and services, but also in your ideas.
单选题第1题What does the expression “the Niagara of information” underlined in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Rising information.
B.The region of Niagara.
C.Information flooding.
D.The information about Niagara.
参考答案：C
答案解析：近义表述。第一段开篇即表明互联网时代的信息是一把双刃剑，然后就是本句
“ all of us in business have been swept up by the Niagara of information ''，从短语 “sweep
up （横扫）”可以判断，“Niagara of information”是一种隐喻，或者夸张，因为尼
亚加拉大瀑布是世界第一大跨国瀑布，在信息大爆炸的今天，信息如洪流一般倾泻而
来，因此选项C正确。这一点也可以通过第八段第一句话来印证。
单选题第2题What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A.Challenges presented by information.
B.The change of information transmission.
C.Management of the online era.
D.Leaders in the information age.
参考答案：A
答案解析：段落大意。第二段第一句为主题句，其中的关键表述为“the information surge has
triggered its own unintended consequences”，主要的后果是公司管理信息没有秘密，即
使新入职者也know-it-all;其次是原有的信息的层层管理体系被打乱，信息管控模式成
了拨号上网模式。综合起来，对公司管理带来了新挑战，因此选项A是正确选项。
单选题第3题Which of the following is NOT the unexpected result of the information surge?
A.Traditional management is out of date.
B.The command-and-control system is no longer useful.
C.Company information management is impossible.
D.Inside information can still exist.
参考答案：D
答案解析：正误判断。第二段中间从In this environment开始，选项A、B、C先后出现了
相同或相似的表达：The hierarchical, layered structures in which company information is
carefully managed and then selectively passed down the line have crumbled. The online era
has made command-and-control management as another dial-up Internet.只有选项D没有提
到，因此是本题的答案。
单选题第4题The author compares the command-and-control management to “dial-up Internet” (underlined in Paragraph 2) because_______.
A.the management patterns are similar
B.both of them are no longer implemented
C.both of them are affected in the online era
D.both of them are time-consuming
参考答案：B
答案解析：比较判断。如第82题所述，第二段第一句为主题句，强调信息井喷时代带来的
后果，紧接着列举事实给予证明，最后一句“The online era has made command-and-
control management as another dial-up Internet” 作为总结。 这一句里将 “command-and-
control management” 和 “dial-up Internet” 做了比较，大意为“网络时代使得信息管控
成了另一个拨号上网”，其中“另一个”清楚表明作者的态度，因为拨号上网现在也
过时了，那么信息管控模式面临同样的命运不再使用。
单选题第5题The word “alarming” underlined in Paragraph 2 means_______.
A.surprising
B.obvious
C.awful
D.disgusting
参考答案：C
答案解析：近义表述。原句为 “Today new employees arrive on their first day with an alarming
amount of know-it-all”，从本句语境来看，“alarming”的大意是“大量的，令人惊惧
的”。这里，“awful”有一个使用频度较低的意义，《柯林斯词典》的解释是“You
can use awful with noun groups that refer to an amount in order to emphasize how large that
amount is”，即“awful”与名词连用强调大量的。
单选题第6题According to the passage, what is the top concern for business leadership in this environment?
A.A clear direction.
B.Dynamism.
C.Information resources.
D.Communicating ability.
参考答案：A
答案解析：主旨大意。短文最后一段中的 “Leadership will increasingly mean leveraging
that information, clarifying it, and using it to advance your strategy, engage customers and
motivate employees”可以作为全文的结论，其中核 心表述为权衡这样的信息，清楚阐
明它，并为我所用。因此，符合句意的表述为A。
单选题第7题The word “those” underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to_______.
A.listeners
B.employees
C.executives
D.customers
参考答案：C
答案解析：语篇衔接。those出现的语境为 “These are wonderful opportunities for leadership.
Employees, investors, customers and business partners are heartened by those who can sift
through the flood of opinion...”上文己经提到“leadership”应如何处理海量信息，紧接
着本句论及 “those who can sift through the flood of opinion”，所以 “those” 回指前面
的“leadership”，即选项C所表述内容。
单选题第8题The phrase “sift through” underlined in Paragraph 4 means_______.
A.collect
B.examine
C.view
D.combine
参考答案：B
答案解析：近义表述。本题涉及的句子与第27题为同一句，即“Employees, investors,
customers and business partners are heartened by those who can sift through the flood of
opinion...” “sift through” 的本义就是 “examine carefully”，即仔细鉴别，筛选，
过滤。即使不认识这个词，也可以根据上下文加以推断，因为下文提到了 “flood of
opinion” 等。
单选题第9题A business leader in the information age needs to_______.
A.be arrogant about decision-making without apologizing for any mistakes
B.remain confident without listening to different views
C.keep his head above the huge quantity of information
D.be a good spokesperson to the press and to the audience
参考答案：C
答案解析：细节识别。本题的问题是企业领袖在信息时代需要做的事，第八段开始就提到
Leadership will increasingly mean 其大意为“企业领袖需要在海量信息中竭力保持
情绪头脑”，即keep his head above …。
单选题第10题Which of the following can be the title of this passage?
A.Leadership in the Information Age
B.Information Impact on Business Management
C.Leadership Styles in the Information Age
D.Employee-Employer Relationship in the Information Age
参考答案：A
答案解析：补充标题。回顾每一段的主题句，第一段指出信息时代的利弊；第二段表明对于企业领导者而言，信息时代触发了没有预料到的后果；第三段表明企业领导者在网络世界无时无刻不在接受监督；第四段讲到商业领导者必须具备在海量信息中明辨是非、果敢决策的能力；第五、六、七段提出商业领导者还需善于倾听、善于选拔人才；最后一段做出总结：商业领导者应能筛选信息，辨别良莠，利用信息推动自己的战略。由此可见，整篇文章讲的是信息时代的领导力，故选择A。
涉及考点
2020翻译三级综合能力考试大纲
二、阅读理解
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