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People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize there is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels. Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way, Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.
单选题第1题What is the best title for this passage?
A.Six Stages for Repairing sam's Bicycle
B.Possible Ways to Problem-solving
C.Necessities of Problem Analysis
D.Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem
参考答案：B
试题解析
主旨题。短文以Sam出故障的自行车为例，讨论了解决问题的六个方法步骤。因此符合文章大意的题目应是Possible Ways to Problem-solving。试题解析
主旨题。短文以Sam出故障的自行车为例，讨论了解决问题的六个方法步骤。因此符合文章大意的题目应是Possible Ways to Problem-solving。单选题第2题In analyzing a problem we should do all the following EXCEPT______.
A.recognizing and defining the problem
B.looking for information to make the problem clearer
C.having suggestions for a possible solution
D.finding a solution by trail or mistake
参考答案：D
试题解析
细节题。根据短文各段首句可知分析问题的步骤有“First the person must recognize that there is a problem（认识到问题的存在）。Next the thinker must define the problem （定义问题）。Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions （分析问题）。After studying the problem，the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution （提出解决问题的建议）。Finally the solution is tested（检验解决方法）气只有D项不符合原文，故本题选D。试题解析
细节题。根据短文各段首句可知分析问题的步骤有“First the person must recognize that there is a problem（认识到问题的存在）。Next the thinker must define the problem （定义问题）。Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions （分析问题）。After studying the problem，the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution （提出解决问题的建议）。Finally the solution is tested（检验解决方法）气只有D项不符合原文，故本题选D。单选题第3题By referring to Sam's broken bicycle, the author intends to（）.
A.illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B.discuss the problems of his bicycle
C.tell us how to solve a problem
D.show us how to analyze a problem
参考答案：C
试题解析
细节题口作者以Sam出故障的自行车为例告诉我们解决问题的步骤方法。故 C项正确。试题解析
细节题口作者以Sam出故障的自行车为例告诉我们解决问题的步骤方法。故 C项正确。单选题第4题Which of the following is NOT true?
A.People do not analyze the problem they meet,
B.People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C.People may learn from their past experience.
D.People cannot solve some problems they meet,
参考答案：A
试题解析
细节题。根据短文第一段的内容可知B、C、D三项都正确，A项表述不正确，应是“People do not analyze every problem they meet”。故本题选 A。试题解析
细节题。根据短文第一段的内容可知B、C、D三项都正确，A项表述不正确，应是“People do not analyze every problem they meet”。故本题选 A。单选题第5题The author intends to say that Sam solved his problem as a result of______.
A.discovering something new
B.using chewing gum
C.looking at the bicycle in the new way
D.turning to others5 help
参考答案：A
试题解析
推断题。根据短文倒数第二段中的“Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam， for example，suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.”，可知有时候人会想出办法是因为他发现了新东西或是以新的方式去看待事物，在Sam的例子中，Sam看到了车轮上的口香糖，即发现了新东西，从而解决了问题，故 A项正确。试题解析
推断题。根据短文倒数第二段中的“Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam， for example，suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.”，可知有时候人会想出办法是因为他发现了新东西或是以新的方式去看待事物，在Sam的例子中，Sam看到了车轮上的口香糖，即发现了新东西，从而解决了问题，故 A项正确。
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