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Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these fectors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
单选题第1题The passage is mainly discussing______.
A.certain fectors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
B.certain factors that promote social change
C.the necessity of social change
D.two different societies
参考答案：A
试题解析
主旨题。全文共三段，根据每段的第一句“Social change is more likely to occur in societies…”"Within a society，social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in…”和“Furthermore，social change is easier if it is gradual.”可知，本文讲的不是哪些因素能推动社会变革，而是哪些因素使社会变革更容易发生，因此本题选A。试题解析
主旨题。全文共三段，根据每段的第一句“Social change is more likely to occur in societies…”"Within a society，social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in…”和“Furthermore，social change is easier if it is gradual.”可知，本文讲的不是哪些因素能推动社会变革，而是哪些因素使社会变革更容易发生，因此本题选A。单选题第2题One of the factors that tend to promote social change is______.
A.joint interest
B.different points of view
C.less emotional people
D.advanced technology
参考答案：B
试题解析
细节题°根据第一段中的“The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things...There are more ideas...In addition，there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies…All these factors tend to promote social change…”可知，有许多因素能推动社会变革，B项是其中一个因素。试题解析
细节题°根据第一段中的“The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things...There are more ideas...In addition，there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies…All these factors tend to promote social change…”可知，有许多因素能推动社会变革，B项是其中一个因素。单选题第3题According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
C.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
参考答案：B
试题解析
细节题。根据第二段中的“social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects...in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early；in the less basic and lessemotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D三项都正确。由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状的不满可以加速而不是减慢社会变革，因此B项错误。试题解析
细节题。根据第二段中的“social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects...in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early；in the less basic and lessemotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D三项都正确。由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状的不满可以加速而不是减慢社会变革，因此B项错误。单选题第4题The expression "greater tolerance”(Para. 1) refers to______.
A.greater willingness to accept social change
B.quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
C.more respect for different beliefs and behavior
D.greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
参考答案：C
试题解析
推断题'由第一段以及常识可知，社会容忍度指的是对不同观点、信仰、行为等的尊重。试题解析
推断题'由第一段以及常识可知，社会容忍度指的是对不同观点、信仰、行为等的尊重。单选题第5题Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because______.
A.people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B.people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C.people there are easy to please
D.people there are less disputed
参考答案：A
试题解析
细节题。由第一段最后一句“And although conditions may not be satisfactory，they are at least customary and undisputed。”可知答案为A，此选项是对原文的同义转述。试题解析
细节题。由第一段最后一句“And although conditions may not be satisfactory，they are at least customary and undisputed。”可知答案为A，此选项是对原文的同义转述。
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