2022年考研英语基础练习及答案（七）

　　Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects 1 some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make 2 impossible for us to live in the world. They would devour (eat up quickly) all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, were it not 3 the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We 4 a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them 5 together kill only a fraction of the 6 destroyed by spiders. 7 , unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least 8 to us or our belongings.

　　Spiders are not insects, 9 many people think, 10 even nearly related to them. One can tell the 11 almost at a glance, 12 a spider always has eight legs but an insect never more than six.

　　How many spiders are 13 in this work on our 14 ? One authority 15 spiders made a 16 of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2 250 000 in one acre; that is 17 like 6000 000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is 18 to make more than the 19 guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creature, not 20 with only three meals a day.

　　1. A. include B. involve C. consist D. cover

　　2. A. this B. that C. it D. them

　　3. A. with B. for C. of D. on

　　4. A. devote B. dedicate C. owe D. contribute

　　5. A. gotten B. put C. linked D. associated

　　6. A. number B. amount C. plenty D. proportion

　　7. A. Consequently B. Moreover C. Conversely D. However

　　8. A. damage B. ruin C. good D. harm

　　9. A. as B. which C. because D. though

　　10. A. so B. either C. nor D. none

　　11. A. likeness B. difference C. similarity D. appearance

　　12. A. if B. although C. for D. when

　　13. A. participated B. joined C. enclosed D. involved

　　14. A. honor B. sake C. side D. behalf

　　15. A. on B. in C. about D. with

　　16. A. census B. consensus C. conscience D. consciousness

　　17. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything

　　18. A. likely B. useless C. impossible D. probable

　　19. A. broadest B. widest C. bravest D. wildest

　　20. A. concerned B. identified C. patient D. content

　　参考答案：

　　1. 【答案】A. include

　　2. 【答案】C. it

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配.it 是形式宾语，其实际宾语是for us to live in the world.

　　3. 【答案】B. for

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配. were it not for sth. 是虚拟条件句，意为“要不是….,要是没有….的话”。

　　4. 【答案】C. owe

　　【解析】本题测结构型词义搭配. owe…..to…把…..归功于….: He owed his success o luck more than to capacity. contribute to 有助于，促进，加剧：Cars contribute to air pollution. (汽车加剧了空气污染);devote sth. to 奉献，致力于;dedicate … to 奉献;均不符合题意。

　　5. 【答案】B. put

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.put together 加在一起。put together 在句中是过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的all of them.

　　6. 【答案】A. number

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. insect 是可数名词。此处是指昆虫的“数目”，故应选number. An (或 the) amount of +不可数名词(单数)，故不能入选。plenty of +可数名词(复数)或不可数名词(单数)，意为“很多，大量的”，用于肯定句中，例如：1) There was plenty of work for girls of her age. 2) There are plenty of men out of work. (许多失业男子)proportion 比例。

　　7. 【答案】B. Moreover

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.moreover 意为“此外，而且”，正合题意。

　　8. 【答案】D. harm

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. do harm to …对某人有害，正合题意。do damage to sth. 对….造成损害，与题意不符。do good to sb./sth. 对…有好处，与题意相悖。do与ruin不搭配，通常说cause ruin, bring about ruin, lead to ruin等

　　9. 【答案】A. as

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配.as 引导非限定性定语从句，例如：As you know, China is a country with a large population. (正如你所知道的，中国是一个人口众多的国家)

　　10. 【答案】C.

　　11. 【答案】B. difference

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.根据上下文意思可以看出，此处是讲蜘蛛与昆虫的区别，故应选 B。difference.考生在做类似试题时，一定要注意上下文的连贯意思。

　　12. 【答案】C. for

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.此句中for引导表示附加说明的原因分句。按传统语法分类，for在此引导的分句是并列句而不是从句。按惯用发，在for前必须有逗号。

　　13. 【答案】D. involved

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配.participate(in)参与;join(in)参加;但本句谓语是被动语态，故上述两词均不能入选。be involved in 参与，参加;如填入句中不但在此以上，而且在结构上均符合题意，故答案非D莫属。

　　14. 【答案】D. behalf

　　15. 【答案】A. on

　　【解析】on 表示“关于(某一问题);对，就(某一点)”，例如：We had many quarrels on politics and religion. 2) You are an authority on clothes. 3) He is absorbed in his work on bacteria. in 表示“在…方面”，例如：a specialist in history 历史学方面的专家。

　　16. 【答案】A. census

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.本题测试考生辨析形似异意词的能力。census 调查;consensus 一致看法。(意见等)一致;conscience 良心;consciousness 意识，觉悟，自觉。

　　17. 【答案】B. something

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.something like(=approximately)大约。

　　18. 【答案】C. impossible

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.按上下文逻辑意思来看，应选impossible,句中more than 修饰the widest,说明其程度，如：I’ m more than content with what you have just said (我对你刚才所说的极其满意。)

　　19. 【答案】D. wildest

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. wild 在此处的含义是“不精确的，大致的，(没有证据的)大胆的”。本句译文：不可能做出极其大胆的猜测：蜘蛛杀灭多少害虫，但是蜘蛛是胃口极大的动物。它们肯定不会满足一天只吃三顿。

　　20. 【答案】D. content

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.从逻辑意思和语义上分析，content正合题意。上面谈到“蜘蛛是食量很大的动物”，可见“蜘蛛是不会满足于一天三顿的”。be content with 满足于：My father had to be content with this small success.