2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析（完整版）_第7页

　　Srini Pillay, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counterintuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task, they tend to be more efficient.

　　“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain，” says Pillay.

　　36.【题干】 The key to mastering the art of deep work is to______

　　【选项】

　　A. seize every minute to work

　　B. list you immediate tasks

　　C. make specific daily plans

　　D. Keep to your focus time

　　37. 【题干】The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that

　　【选项】

　　A. students are hardly motivated by monthly goals

　　B. detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected

　　C. distractions may actually increase efficiency

　　D. daily schedules arc indispensable to studying

　　38. 【题干】According to Newport, idleness is __________-

　　【选项】

　　A. a desirable mental state for busy people

　　B. a major contributor to physical health

　　C. an effective way to save time and energy

　　0. an essential factor in accomplishing any work

　　39. 【题干】Pillay believes that our brain’s shift between being focused and infocused ______

　　【选项】

　　A. can bring about greater efficiency

　　B. can result in psychological well-being

　　C. is driven by task urgency

　　D. is aimed at better balance in work

　　40. 【题干】This text is mainly about_____

　　【选项】

　　A. approaches to getting more done in less time

　　B. Ways to relieve the tension of busy life

　　C. The key to eliminating distractions

　　D. The cause of the lack of focus time

　　36. 【答案】[D]keep to your focus time

　　【解析】细节题。根据题干的mastering the art of deep work定位到第二段首句。该句指出“有很多种掌握深度工作的方法-不论是专注于指定工作时长时间的后退，或者养成惯例，还是当你一天有闲暇之余采用纪实的方式捕捉深度工作的瞬间”。接着提到“不论是那种方式，关键在于确定你的专注力时间长度并保持专注”。由此可知，D项为正确答案。

　　37. 【答案】[B]detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected

　　【解析】例证题。根据题干时间信息1980s以及Harford定位到第四段与第五段。第四段首句指出另一种短时间做更多事情的方法是反思怎么才能优先处理好你的一天-特别是制作我们待办事项的方法。接着作者举例大学生们分成小组每天做各种详细复杂的任务。第五段首句用while画风一转，表示这种复杂的任务让学生们感到消极，并表示工作中难免会分散注意力，这将影响日常待办事项的效率。可知，作者用反面例子来论证观点，即复杂的计划可能没有像期望的那样有效果。故选B项。

　　38. 【答案】[D]an essential factor in accomplishing any work.

　　【解析】根据题目Newport得出本题目为细节题中的文中人物观点题。根据题干中的idleness可定位到倒数第三段，idleness is not，读到这里依然需要看下文，下面提到it is as…as…，is necessary to getting any work done。再对应选项，可直接选出[D]an essential factor in accomplishing any work。

　　39. 【答案】[A]can bring about greater efficiency.

　　【解析】根据题目中的Pillay believes 可得出本题目为细节题中的文中人物观点题型。根据题目中的信息，可以定位到倒数第二段最后一句，明确指出they tend to be more efficient。然后对应选项得出[A]can bring about greater efficiency。

　　40. 【答案】[A]approaches to getting more done in less time.

　　【解析】根据题目的mainly about可知为文章主旨题，首先可以通过题目的复现内容找与文章主旨有关的词汇，题目中反复出现了focus内容，可判断与人们的注意力有。其次，文章主旨一般在开篇第一段或第二段会出现，第一段引用Cal Newport的观点指出focus without distraction话题，第二段就提到了主题approaches to mastering thd art of deep work，此刻主题已明确，并且第四段有明显的证明another approach。所以本题选[A]approaches to getting more done in less time。

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.