C
Self-employed private physicians who charge for each patient’s visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to these hospitals, which usually charge patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities that they use. Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veterans’ (退伍军人的) hospitals, a federal (联邦的) government agency. Others are operated by churches or other non-profit groups.
Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members (职员), or residents (高级专科住院实习医生), who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by companies to care for their workers or work for the federal government’s Public Health Service.
Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the US. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $100,000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they should be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the US. Most would-be physicians first attend colleges for four years, which can cost nearly $20,000 a year at one of the best private academies. Prospective (未来的) physicians then attend medical schools for four years. Tuition alone can be over $10,000 a year. By the time they have gotten their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency (高级专科住院实习) in a hospital, the first year as a learner physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.
Setting up a medical practice (诊所) is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expenses of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other’s patients in emergencies.
Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical processes, even quite usual ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.
9. The expenses for becoming a physician are mainly spent on ________.
A. study abroad
B. practice in a hospital
C. facilities he uses
D. education he receives
10. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the US?
A. About seven years. B. Eight years.
C. Ten years. D. Eleven or more years.
11. Why is a group medical practice set up sometimes by several physicians in the US?
A. There are too many patients to be taken care of.
B. They can take turns to work long hours.
C. It is difficult for one physician to pay all the expenses.
D. No one wants to undertake too much responsibility.
12. Which of the following could fully express the author’s view towards
physicians’ payment in the US?
A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they should have a handsome pay.
B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their
work is very dangerous.
C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.
D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.
第二部分: 短文改错
When you hear the word “bank”, what do you think? 1. __________
A place to put money? The land at the edge of a river? 2. __________
To depend on something or someone? If you chose any 3. __________
of this things, you’re right. Why? Because words often 4. __________
have more than a meaning. Choosing the correct meaning 5. __________
of a word depends on the two sides. First, it depends on 6. __________
the words and sentences around your special word. Second, 7. __________
it depends on how the word is using in the sentence. 8. __________
Is it a noun, a verb, an adjective or part of a phrase? Known 9. __________
this will help you discovering the word’s real meaning. 10. __________
第三部分: 书面表达
根据下列内容，以Honesty is a virtue为题目，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。
1. 诚实是人和人在社会交往中最根本的道德准则，也是一个人最主要的道德品质，是人们在交往中相互信任的基础。
2. 著名教育家陶行知说过：“人的最大美德莫过于诚实。”如果一个人对别人不能以诚相待, 那么他就会失去好多朋友, 成为孤立无援的人。反之，一个诚实的人将会受到别人的尊重，成为受欢迎的人。
3. 诚实确实是做人最好的准则。
参考词汇： 社交social intercourse 道德准则moral criterion 孤立无援的isolated
阅读理解：
1-5 BACBA 6-10 DADDD 11-12 CA
短文改错：
1. think后加 of 2. at → on
3. chose → choose 4. this → these
5. a → one 6. 去掉the 7. √
8. using → used 9. Known → Knowing
10. discovering → (to)discover
书面表达：
Honesty is a virtue
Honesty is the essential moral criterion in social intercourse. It is also the most important moral character for a person. Only honesty can make people trust each other in the daily life.
The famous educator Tao Xingzhi said, “A person’s most important virtue is no better than honesty.” If you are honest, people will trust you. It is important for a person to have a reputation for being honest. If a person is dishonest, no one will want to be his friend. He will soon become isolated. On the other hand, an honest man will win the respect of others. Honesty is, indeed, the best policy.
