书面表达
一、高考英语写作必背20句
1. According to a recent survey, four million peopledie each year from ditseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查，每年有4 000 000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few childrenhave unpleasant associations with homework最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3- No invention has received more praise and abusethan Internet.
没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the factthat education does not end with graduation人们似乎忽视了教育没有随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning torealize that education is not complete with graduation越来越多的人开始意识到教育没有随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of peoplebelieve that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终身的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercisecontributes directly to a person's physical fitness.
许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有益于身体健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the numberof foreign tourists and great efforts should be made toprotect local environment and history from the harmfuleffects of international tourism应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrantswill exert positive effects on construction of city. However,this opinion is now being questioned by more and more cityresidents, who complain that the migrants have brought manyserious problems like crime and prostitution越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设将起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨移民给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。
10. Many city residents complain that there are so fewbuses in their city that they have to spend much more timewaiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a largenumber of passengers.许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而等来的车上通常都已满载乘客。
11. There is no denying that air pollution is anextremely serious problem, the city authorities shouldtake stmng measures to deal with it.
不可否认的是，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
12.An investigation shows that feHlale workers tendto have a favorable attitude to、Ⅳard retireⅡlent.
一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。
13.A pmper part_the job does not occupy studentstoo much time.In fact,it is unhealthy for thentospendaU of time on their study. As an old saying goes:Allwork and no play rmkes Jack a dull boy.
一份适当的兼职工作并不会占用学生太多的时间。
事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不利于他们的健康成长，正如那句老话所说：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。
14.Any govemment,which is blind to this point,nlay pay a heavy price.任何政府，如果忽视这一点的话，都将付出巨大的代价。
15.N0wadays,nlany students always go into raIptures atthe mere mention of the coming life of high school or collegethey will begin UnfortunatelY, for most young people, it isnot pleasant experience on their first day on campus当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。不幸的是，对多数年轻人来说，校园生活刚开始的时候并不愉快。
16.ln view of the seriousness of this problem,effectivemeasures should be taken before. things get worse考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe tbat part-time jobwill provide them with more opportunities to develop theirinterpersnnal skills, which may put them in a favorableposition in the future job markets大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of peoplewho still have a miserable life and have to face the dangersof starvation and exposure无可争辩，现在有数百万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
19. Nthough this view is wildly held, there is littleevidence that education can be obtained at any age and atany place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受，但很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
20. No one can -deny the fact that a person's educationis the most important aspect of his life,没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。
二、书面表达经典句型
1.…the+est+名词+(that)+主语+ haveever+seen (known/heard/had/read等)…the most+形容词十名词+(that)+主语+haveever+seen( known/heard/had/read等)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have everseen海伦是我所见过的最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that l have ever met常老师是我曾经遇到的最仁慈的教师。
2. Nothing is+ _er than to+V.
Nothing is+more+形容词+than to+V.例句：Nothing is more important than to receiveeducation没有比受教育更重要的事。
3…. can not...the importance of.too much(再怎么……的重要性也不为过)例句：We can not emphasize the importance ofprotecting our eyes too much我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
4.There is no denying that+S+v.…(不可否认的是……)例句：There is no denying that the qualities of ourliving have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的是：我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
5.It is universally acknowledged that.(全世界都知道……)例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees areindi。pen。able to us全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
6.leave much to be desired(令人不满意)例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to bedesired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。
7.There is no doubt that+句子…(毫无疑问……)例句：There is no doubt that our educational systemleaves something to be desired.毫无疑问我们的教育制度令人不满意。
8.An advantage of...is that+句子(……的优点是……)例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it、Ⅳon，t create (produce) any pollution使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。
9.So+形容词+be+主语+that+句子(如此……以至于……)例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to wasteit.时间是如此珍贵，我们浪费不起它。
10. adj. +as+subject(主语)+be，S+V.(虽然……)例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of ourliving are by no means satisfactory. by no means—in noway - on no account -点也不)虽然我们的国家很富有，我们的生活品质却绝对令人不满意。
11. The +_er+S+v.,the+ _er+S+v.
The+more+adj.+S+v.,the+more+adj.
+S+v.(越……越……)例句：The harder you work, the more progress youmake.你越努力，你进步得就越多。
The more books we read, the more learned webecome.我们读的书越多，我们就越有学问。
12. By+V.-ing/... can..(通过……/……能够……)例句：By taking exerase, we can always stay healthy.
通过做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
13.一enable+object(受词)+to+v.(……使……能够……)例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
听音乐能使我们感到轻松。
14. ()n no account can we+v.+…(我们绝对不能……)例句：()n no account can we ignore the value ofkriowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
15.lt is time+S+过去时(该是……的时候了)例句：It is time the authorities concerned took propersteps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
16. Those who.(……的人……)例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should bepunished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
17. There is no one but.(没有人不……)例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。
18. be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V.(不得不……)例句：Since the examination is around the corner,Iam compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
19.It is conceivable that+句子(可想而知)It is obvious that+句子(很明显)※It is apparent that+句子(显然)例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays animportant role in our life可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
20. That is the reason why.，.(那就是……的原因)例句：Summer is very hot.That is the reason why Idon't like it.夏天很炎热，那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
21. The reason why+句子+is that+句子+(……的原因是……)例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is thatthey can provide us with fresh air.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that theycan supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能给我们提供新鲜的空气。
22. For the past+时间，S+现在完成时(过去……时间以来……一直……)例句：For the past two years,I have been busypreparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
23. Since+s+过去时，S+现在完成时(自从……以来……)例句：Since he went to senior high school, he hasworked very hard.自从他上高中以来，他一直很用功。
24.It pays to+V.+…(……是值得的)例句：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。
25. be based on(以……为基础)例句：The progress of the society is based onharmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
26. spare no effort to+v.(不遗余力地……)例句：We should spare no effort to beautify ourenvironmenL我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
27. bring home to+人十事(让……明白……)例句：We should bring home to people the value ofworking hard.我们应该让人们明白努力工作的价值。
28. be closely related to.(与……息息相关)例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
29. get mto the habit of+v-ing—make it a rule to+V(养成……的习惯)例句：We should get into the habit of keeping goodhours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
30. Due to/()wing to/Thanks to+n/v.-ing,…(因为……)例句：Thanks to his encouragement,l finally realizedmy dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现了我的梦想。
31. What a/an+adj.+n+…一How+adj.+a/an+rL+…(多么……)例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
32. have a great influence on..(对……有很大的影响)例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
33. do good to(对……有益)，do harm to(对……有害)例句：Reading does good to our mind读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does hann to health过度工作对健康有害。
34.一pose a great threat to.…(……对……造成一大威胁)例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
35. do one's utmost to+v.=do one's best to+V.(尽全力去……)例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal inlife.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
(注：其中※表示该句型在高考大纲中没有要求考生掌握，但是这些句型却是我们经常能用到的，也是我们书面表达得分的亮点，所以我们把它们列了出来。希望考生能记住这35个经典句型，把它们精心地编入你们的高考作文中，它们一定会让你们的作文增色不少，也会让阅卷老师毫不吝啬地给你们高分的哦!)
三、书面表达常用开头及过渡用语
(一)良好的开端等于成功的一半。
在写作文时，通常用最简单也最常用的方式——开门见山法。也就是说，直截了当地提出你对某个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。
1.议论文用语
A.Just as every coin has two sides, cars have bothadvantages and disadvantages.
B. Compared to/In comparison with letters, rmailsare more convement.
C. When it comes to computers, some people think theyhave brought us a lot of convenience However,...
D.()pinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantagesof living in the city and.m the countrysideE As is known to all/As we all know, computers haveplayed an important role/part in our daily lifeF. Why do you go to university? Different people havedifferent points of view.
2.书信用语
A1 am writing to you to apply for admission to youruniversity as a visiting scholar.
b1 read an advertisement in today's China Daily andI apply for the job.
C. Thank you for your letter of May 5 1D. How happy I am to receive yDur letter of January 9!
E. How nice to hear-from you again!
A Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention,please? I have an announcement to make.
B Attention, please! 1 have something important totell you.
C. Mr. Green, welcome to our school! To beginwith, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.
4.演讲稿用语
A Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored tohave a chance here to make a speech on thesubject-A Balance Diet and Health.
B Good moming everyone! Allow me, first of all, onbehalf of all pre;ent here, to extend our warm welcome.
and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest
(二)并列用语 :as well as, not only. . . but ( also). . .
includingA.Not onjy do computers play an important part inscience and technology, but also play aninformative role in our daily lifeB. All of us, including the teachers/the teachersincluded, will attend the lectureC. He speaks French as well as English. He speaksEnglish, and French as well. He speaks not onlyEnglish but also FrenchD. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing animportant part in daily communication
(三)对比用语:on one hand, on the other hand, onthe contrary/contrary to... though, for one thing, foranother, neverthelessA l know the Internet can only be used at home or inthe office, but on the other hand, it is becoming. more and more popular for much information aswell as clear and vivid pictures.
B.lt is hard work; 1 enjoy it, thoughC.Contrary to what I had originally thought, the tripturned out to be fun
(四)递进用语： even, besides, what's more, worsestill, moreover, furthermore, but for, in addition, tomake matters worseThe house is too small for a family of four, andfurthennore/besides/what's more/moreover/in addition/worse still, it is in a bad location
(五)例证用语：in one's opinion, that is to say/inother words, for example, for instance, as a matter offact, in fact, namelyA. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays aninformative role in our daily life.
B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is(to say), the question of education
(六)时序用语： first/firstly, meanwhife, before long,ever since, while, at the same time, in the meantime,shortly after, nowadaysA. They will be here soorL Meanwhile, let's havecoffee.
B There are three reasons for this decision: first ..
(七 )强调用语: especially, indeed, at least, at themost, what in the world/on earth... not at all .
A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are tryingto sleep.
B. What in the world/on earth are you doing?
(八)因果语句：thanks to, because, as a result,because of/as a result of, without, with the help of...
A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainlyto the improvement in export sales.
R As a result, many of us succefded in passing theCollege Entrance Examinations.
(九)总结用语inshort，briefly/in brief，generallyspeaking/in general，蛔a\wrd,as you Imow,as is Imown to allA Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is moreconvenient than sending letters.
B.ln short, measures must be taken to prevent theenvironment being polluted.
四、写作三绝招写作绝招一 (如何写好开头和结尾)
(一)开头万能公式
1.名人名言。有人问了：“我没有记住名言，怎么办?
尤其是英语名言?”很好办：编!原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理!经典句型：A proverbsays，“You are only young once.”(适用于已记住的名言)It goes without saying that we cannot be youngforever.(适用于自编名言)更多经典句型：As everyoneknows, no one can deny that...
2.数字统计原理。要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管它三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78. 9~6 0f the collegestudents wanted to further their study after their graduation
(二)结尾万能公式
1.如此结论。开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了!比如下面.的例子：
(bviously(此为过渡短语)，we can draw the conclusionthat good manners arise from politenass and respect for others如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!
更多过渡短语：to sum up，in conclusion，in brief，onaccount of this，thus更多句型：Thus，it can be concluded that...Therefore，we can find that...
2.如此建议。如果谢‘如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议’，应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。(bviotBly，it is high time that we took some measuras to solve the problem这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢?
更多句型：
Accorclingly,l recornnend that some measur~ be takenConsequently, to solve the problem, some measuresshould be taken
写作绝招二 (写作的七项基本原则)
(一)长短句原则
工作还得一张一弛呢，老让读者读长句，累死人!相反有时写一个短小精辟的句子却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：As a creature,I eat; as a man,I read. Althoughone action is to meet the primary need of my body and theother is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are ina way quite similar.
(二)主题句原则
国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主，否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂，不知所云!
所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事!
(三)一、二、三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分，第一点、第二点、第三点;第二部分，第一点……如此I罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1.to begin with，then，furthermore，finally(强烈推荐)
2.to start with，next，inLaddition，finally(强烈推荐)
3.first and foremost,besides,last but not leas-t(强烈推荐)
4.on the one hand，on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
5.for one tHng，for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
(四)短语优先原则
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一，用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点——精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二，关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办?用短语是一个办法!例如：l can not bear it.可以用短语表达：1 can not put up witht.1 want it.可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。
(五)多实少虚原则
原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个人很好的时候，不应该只说mce这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous，humorous，interestmg, smart,gentle, warm-hearted' hospital之类的形象词。再如：
走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩!
(六)多变句式原则
1.加法(串联)
都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是在任何句子之间加and，但最好是前后的句子或先后关系或者并列关系。
例如：
I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：
Not only is the fur coat soft, but it is also warm其他的短语可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2.转折(拐弯抹角)
批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个转折就够了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent conditionThe coat was thin, but it was wann
更多的短语：despite that，still，however，nevertheless，in spite of, despite, not withstanding
3.先后或因果(then，so)
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成了朋友……
可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以“然后”这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后关系或因果关系。
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多的短语：then，therefore，consequently，accordingly，hence,as a rasult, for this reason,so that
4.失衡句(头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重)
有些人脑袋大身体小，或者有些人脑袋小身体大，虽然他们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实这就是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句的变形。
例如：This is what I can do.
Whetherhe can go with us or not is not sure同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：
when to go; why he goes away...
5.附加(多此一举)
有的人经常会遇到这样的情况，当你在讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他;或者说，就是某某某。
如果把这个人的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mineI don't enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr. Liu, our oral English teacher, is easygoing.
其实很简单，同位语——要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句一一借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6.排比(排山倒海句)
文学作品中最吸引入的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个的对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个的词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!
Whether your tastes are modem or traditional,sophisticated or simple, there are plenty in I_ondon for youNowadays, energy can be obtained through varioussources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, thewind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope ofknowledge.to realize our potentials and to pay for our life(气势恢宏)要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
(七)挑战极限原则
既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非高不可攀!
原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。例如：
The weather being fine,a large number of peoplewent to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size beingabout three times that of China.
如果你可以写出这样的句子，不得高分才怪!
写作绝招三 (文章主体段落三大杀手锏)
(一)举实例
思维短路，举实例!提出一个观点，举实例!提出一个方案，举实例!而且这也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子!
In order to attract more customers, advertisers haveadopted every possible simulative factor in making ads,such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and humanperformance. For instance, to advertise a certain food,advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table anddevour the seemingly delicious food.
更多句型：to take…as an example，one exampleis…, another example is..,,for example
(二)作比较方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点(throughcomparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语：
相似的比较：in comparison，likewise，similarly，inthe same manner
相反的比较：on the other hand，conversely，whereas，while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary,compared with
(三)没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章再多一些字，或者文绉绉地说，让读者更充分地理解你的观点实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字：I love you!
I am enthusiastic about youThat is to say,1 love youI am wild about you. In other words,I have fallen inlove with you.更多的短语：in more difficult language，in simplerwords, put it more simply
