2018年上半年成人学位英语考前模拟试题及答案（9）

2018年上半年成人学位英语考前模拟试题及答案（9）

　　Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension (30%)

　　Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Passage 1

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

　　There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

　　(76) In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

　　(77) What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

　　Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.

　　1. The toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with because __________.

　　A. their social roles are rigidly determined

　　B. most boys would like to follow their fathers’ professions

　　C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

　　D. they like challenging activities

　　2. One aspect of “the universality of toys ” lies in the fact that __________.

　　A. the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over

　　B. the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

　　C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

　　D. technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys

　　3. The author’s view on the historical development of toys is __________.

　　A. the craftsmanship in toy – making has remained essentially unchanged

　　B. toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries

　　C. the toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years

　　D. toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child’s character

　　4. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys __________.

　　A. reflect the pace of social progress

　　B. also appeal greatly to adults

　　C. are not characterized by technological progress

　　D. follow a direct line of ascent

　　5. The author uses the example of a rattle to show that __________.

　　A. in toy – making there is a continuity in the use of materials

　　B. it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy – making

　　C. even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology

　　D. even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the tim峨

　　Passage 2

　　Question 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

　　Life really should be one long journey of joy for children born with a world of wealth at their feet.

　　Internationally famous child doctor Robert Coles is the world’s top expert on the influence of money on children. He has written a well – known book on the subject, “The Privileged Ones”, and his research shows that too much money in the family can cause as many problems as too little. “Obviously there are certain advantages to being rich,” says the 53 – year – old doctor, “such as better health, education and future work prospects. (78) But most important is the quality of family life. Money can’t buy love.”

　　It can buy a lot of other thing, however, and that’s where the trouble starts. Rich kids have so much to choose from that they often become confused. Overindulgence (娇养) by their parents can make them spoilt. They tent to travel more than other children, from home to home and country to country, which causes feelings of restlessness.

　　(79) “But privileged children do have a better sense of their positions in the world,” adds Mr. Coles, “and they are more self – assured.” The rich children inherit the property from their parents and enjoy a high income. So money will never be one of their problems. “However, they will have a sense of isolation,” warns Dr. Coles, “and they could suffer from the hardship of not being able to deal with the everyday world because they will never really be given the chance. Everything they have achieved is because of an accident of birth. There can be no tremendous inner satisfaction about that.”

　　(80) Today’s wealthy parents perhaps realize their riches can be more of a heavy load than a happiness to their children. So the first thing for them to consider is to ensure that their families are as rich in love as they are in money.

　　6. In his book “The Privileged Ones”, Dr. Cotes implies that __________.

　　A. there are fewer problem in the rich family than the poor family

　　B. rich children live a life of separation from the world

　　C. rich children usually enjoy more love than poor children

　　D. the quality of rich children’s family life may not be high

　　7. In the doctor’s view, __________.

　　A. there are both advantages and disadvantages to being rich

　　B. rich children usually have little confidence in themselves

　　C. traveling a lot will be beneficial to children

　　D. rich kids are often short of money because of their life of luxury

　　8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Rich children have earned what they have.

　　B. Rich children usually lead a life of happiness.

　　C. Rich children tend to feel isolated.

　　D. Rich children are hardly given too many material things.

　　9. According to the author of the passage, __________.

　　A. life is really a long journey of joy for rich children

　　B. the rich children feel greatly satisfied with the property they inherit from their parents

　　C. it is most important for wealthy parents to make sure that their families are rich in love as well as in money

　　D. today all the wealthy parents are sure of the problems their money can bring

　　10. It seems that the author of the passage __________ what Dr. Coles says in the book “The Privileged Ones”.

　　A. knows little about B. is doubtful about

　　C. is opposed to D. agrees with

　　Passage 3

　　Question 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

　　In the world in which we live today, a man may be one thing but appear to be another. This was impossible in Indian society. An Indian’s name told the world what he was – a coward, a liar, a thief, or a brave.

　　When I was young, every Indian had at least three names during his lifetime. His first name was given to him at birth. It described something that had happened at that time.

　　Each Indian was supposed to keep his birth name until he was old enough to earn money for himself. But his friends would always give him a name of their own. No matter what his parents called him, his childhood friends would use the name they had chosen.

　　The Indian earned his real name when he was old enough for his first fight against the enemy. His life name depended on how he acted during this first battle. When he returned he would be given his tribal name by the chief. If he had done well, he would be given a good name. But if he had done poorly, he might be given a bad name.

　　A man was given many chances to improve his name, however. If in a later battle he was very brave in fighting against the enemy, he was given a better name. Some Indians had as many as twelve names – all good and each better than the last.

　　All names given to one Indian belonged to him for the rest of his life. No one else could use them. Even he himself could not give them away. This was because no man could pass on his name unless the chief and the tribe asked him to do so.

　　11. According to passage, Indian names were important because they __________.

　　A. described the character of a man B. described the appearance of a man

　　C. were never used by other people D. told us his profession

　　12. __________ gave the second name of an Indian.

　　A. The chief B. The tribe

　　C. His childhood friends D. His parents

　　13. According to the fourth paragraph, we know an Indian’s “tribal name” refers to his __________.

　　A. first name B. second name C. nickname D. life name

　　14. An Indian could get better names if he __________.

　　A. did well in later battles B. got old enough

　　C. became a coward D. became a liar

　　15. The sentence in the sixth paragraph “no one could pass on his name” may mean that __________.

　　A. no one could change his name by himself B. no one could give his name to a son

　　C. no one could give his name away D. no one could give up his name