Can authority be criticized? In (1) of the world, authority is not (2) either out of respect or out of (3) In such countries children are not expected to (4) their teachers in school and (5)young scholars or (6) industrial men are hampered (受阻) in the technical research because they don't feel free to (7) with their superiors. Clever researchers may be considered too (8) to have"any right" to present (9) that are different from knowledge and wisdom of men of old ages.
(10), the American is (11) from childhood to question, analyze and search. School tasks are (12) to encourage the use of a (13) range of materials. A composition topic like "Write a paper (14) the world's supply of sugar" will send even (15) in search of completely unfamiliar ideas.
(16) in the primary grades, children are taught to (17) libraries, and to search for (18) ideas of various sorts. (19) the time you are 14, 15 and 16, many young scholars are making original and (20) contributions in all fields of science.
1. A. such
B. any
C. much
D. many
2. A. accepted
B. claimed
C. isolated
D. challenged
3. A. fear
B. mercy
C. hate
D. sympathy
4. A. question
B. ask
C. change
D. charge
5. A. famous
B. brilliant
C. employed
D. curious
6. A. original
B. sensible
C. imaginative
D. affective
7. A. disagree
B. complain
C. link
D. cooperate
8. A. old
B. brave
C. young
D. nervous
9. A. functions
B. awards
C. rewards
D. findings
10. A. Secondly
B. Then
C. Therefore
D. However
11. A. treated
B. trained
C. traced
D. transformed
12. A. done
B. designed
C. fulfilled
D. neglected
13. A. moderate
B. limited
C. wide
D. various
14. A. of
B. on
C. for
D. to
15. A. a child
B. a boy
C. a girl
D. an adult
16. A. Since
B. As
C. If
D. Even
17. A. organize
B. use
C. clean
D. manage
18. A. conventional
B. same
C. New
D. familiar
19. A. When
B. Since
C. During
D. By
20. A. precious
B. priceless
C. worth
D. valuable
参考答案及解析
1.【解析】C。本题考查句子的含义。world在这里是不可数名词,指整体,应用much来修饰;下文提到“in such countries”,也可以确定C为正确答案。
2.【解析】D。本题考查词义辨析。accepted被接受的;claimed被声明的;isolated被隔离的;chaUenged被挑战的,被质疑的。根据句意,“权威是不容质疑的”,首句中的criticized应该与此处的单词意义相同,因此选D。
3.【解析】A。either…or…表示并列,所以此处应填respect的同义词或反义词。
4.【解析】A。本题考查句子的含义。从结构上来说,A和B都正确;但从意思上来说,这里的动词应该与前面的criticize以及challenge意义类似。question作动词时意思是“质疑,怀疑”。因此选A。
5.【解析】D。本题考查句子的含义。根据意思,可知想要挑战权威,怀疑精神必不可少。因此选D。
6.【解析】A。本题考查词义辨析。original有独创性的,新颖的,独特的;imaginative富于想象的,虚构的;affective有影响力的。根据题意,选A。
7.【解析】D。本题考查词义辨析。B和C不能与with连用;disagree with sb.不同意,反对;cooperate with sb.t与某人合作。D更符合题意。如:We should cooperate with that company.我们应该与那个公司合作。
8.【解析】C。本题考查句子的含义。根据题意“聪明的研究者之所以无权提出与前人不同的观点,是因为他们被认为还很年轻”,因此选young。
9.【解析】C。本题考查词义辨析。findings研究结果;awards奖励;rewards回报;function功能。因此选D。
10.【解析】D。本题考查句子的逻辑关系。根据上下文,此处应填表转折关系的词。
11.【解析】B。本题考查词义辨析。本句的意思是“美国人从小就学会了对事情进行质疑、分析和寻找解决方法。”在这里train最合题意,因此选B。
12.【解析】B。本题考查词义辨析。do做;design设计;fulfill履行;neglect忽视,忽略。根据题意,选项B最符合题意。如:The project is designed to improve the efficiency.设计这个项目是为了提高效率。
13.【解析】C。本题考查句子的含义。根据题意,要提出问题,需要有大量的资料,wide符合题意,因此选C。
14.【解析】B。本题考查介词用法。on关于,有关。用on,因此选B。
15.【解析】A。本题考查词义辨析。a child最全面,而且符合题意,因此选A。
16.【解析】D。本题考查句子间的逻辑关系。根据上下文,此处应表递进关系,因此选D。
17.【解析】B。本题考查句子的含义。因为句子的主语是小学生,他们只能是使用图书馆了,因此选B。
18.【解析】C。本题考查句子的含义。既然提到创新能力很重要,肯定要找不同的新观点。
19.【解析】D。本题考查习惯用法。by the time到…时候为止。如:By the time you went home。I would have prepared the meal.你到家的时候,我就会准备好饭了。
20.【解析】D。本题考查同义词的辨析。precious宝贵的,珍贵的,可以用来指无法用钱去衡量的人或物的价值,也可以用来指人的感情;priceless无价的,贵重的,指某物的价值无法用价格来估量;valuable可以形容事物很值钱,也可以形容无法用金钱、物质来衡量。worth为表语形容词,不能作前置定语。
一级建造师二级建造师消防工程师造价工程师土建职称公路检测工程师建筑八大员注册建筑师二级造价师监理工程师咨询工程师房地产估价师 城乡规划师结构工程师岩土工程师安全工程师设备监理师环境影响评价土地登记代理公路造价师公路监理师化工工程师暖通工程师给排水工程师计量工程师