2019年上半年学位英语阅读理解试题及解析1

　　Passage 1

　　In America, all children from six to sixteen go to school. They spend six years in “elementary” school and four or six years in “secondary” or “high” school. School education is free.

　　在美国，所有六至十六岁的孩子去上学。他们在小学"和四个或 6 年中专"或"高中花了六年。学校教育是免费的。

　　At the end of every school year, the child takes a test. If he does well, he goes into the next class (“grade”).if he doesn’t do well, he has to repeat the grade.

　　在每学年结束，儿童所需的测试。如果他好，他走进下一类 (级) 如果他做得不好，他不得不重复等级。

　　Some schools have modern teaching equipment, like computers and closed circuit television, but there are ales small country schools, with just one classroom.

　　有些学校有现代化的教学设备，如计算机、 闭路电视、 但有销售小国家的学校，只是一间教室。

　　At the end of their time at school, most students get a high school diploma. If they want to go on to college, they take college admission tests.

　　年底时，他们的时间在学校里，大多数学生获得高中毕业文凭。如果他们想要去大学，他们会采取大学入学考试。

　　In Britain, all children from five to sixteen go to school. They spend six years in “primary” school, and then go on to “secondary” school.

　　在英国，五至十六岁的所有儿童都上学。他们在"主"的学校，花了六年，然后去中学"。

　　In Britain, they are “state” schools, which are free, and private schools for which parents pay. many British private schools are “boarding” schools. the children stay at school all the time, and only come home in the holidays. they usually wear uniforms.

　　在英国，他们是"国家"的学校，而且都是免费的和私立学校的家长工资。许多英国私立学校是"寄宿。孩子们呆在学校所有时间，并且仅回家在假期里。他们通常穿着制服。

　　Teaching in both countries is usually quite informal. students often work together in groups and go to the teacher only when they need help.

　　通常，这两个国家的教学是相当不正式的。学生往往在群体中协同工作和去老师，只有当他们需要帮助时。

　　1. In britain, a child usually goes to school at (A)在英国，儿童通常去上学是几岁?五岁

　　A.five B.six C.seven D.four

　　2. if American,school education is (B ) 如果美国的情况下，学校的教育是()自由的

　　A.very cheap B. free C.eight years D.expensive

　　3.If the child fails in a test,( C )如果在测试中失败的儿童

　　A.he is alse allowed to go into nest grade

　　B.he has to repeat the test

　　C. he has to repeat the grade他不得不重复级

　　D. he has to repeat the another school

　　4. In britain,,schools ( D )

　　A.are free for children

　　B.charge a fee

　　C.require students to come home only in holidays

　　D.include state schools and private schools. 包括公立学校和私立学校。

　　5.Students in both countries ( C )

　　A.listen to the teacher all the time in class

　　B.seldom talk in class

　　C.often have group discussions in class 在班中经常进行分组讨论

　　D.never ask any questions in class

　　Passage 2

　　The hand,the eyes and the brain work together to make human beings defferent from other animals. No other animals have all three parts to work together.No animals can do what human beings can do.

　　手、 眼和大脑协同工作，使人类不同于其他动物。其他动物都没有一起工作的所有三个部分。没有动物可以做人类能做些什么。

　　Humans can do many things and reel many things with the hands. The hand can hold on to things and make things with the fingers. We can feel that something is hot or cold, soft or hard, smooth or rough. The hand with the fingers is one of the best tools we have.

　　人类可以做很多事情和卷用手的很多东西。手可以坚持做的事情，并使手指的事情。我们可以感觉到什么是热或冷、 软或硬、 光滑或粗糙。手和手指是我们有最好的工具之一。

　　Most animals see a flat picture. Their eyes can only see how high and how wide something is. Some animals see a different picture with each eye. Some do not see in color. Humans see one picture with both eyes working together. We can see how high and how wide something is .We can also see how far in front of or in the back of something a thing is.

　　大多数动物看扁的图片。他们的眼睛可以只查看如何高，并有多宽。有些动物的每一只眼睛看到不同的图片。有些看不到的颜色。人类看两眼，一起工作一张的图片。我们可以看到如何高，如何宽一些。此外，我们也可以看到多远的前面或后面的东西一件事是。

　　The brain tells other parts of the body how to work. For example, it tells the eyes and hands how to make useful and beautiful things. That is how human beings become tool makers and artists.

　　大脑告诉身体其他部位，如何进行工作。例如，它告诉眼睛和手如何使有用和美丽的东西。这就是人类如何成为工具制造商和艺术家。

　　1. What is the use of the hand according to the passage?( D )这篇文章的作用是手的什么?

　　A. it can touch things.

　　B. It can catdh hold of things.

　　C. It can make things.

　　D. All of the above. 上面这一切

　　2. which of the fllowing statements is true? (C) 这则声明是真的?

　　A. all animals see a picture with both eyes.

　　B. Most animals see a picture with each eye.

　　C. Some animals see a different picture with each eye. 有些动物的每一只眼睛看到不同的图片。

　　D. No animals see a picture with one eye

　　3. Which can tell the feet and other parts of the body how to work?( A)这可以告诉脚和身体其他部位如何工作?

　　A. The brain B.The hands C.The eyes D.The legs

　　4. What is the difference between man and animals? (D)人与动物之间的区别是什么?

　　A. Man has both hands

　　B. Man has both eyes.

　　C. Man has a brain.

　　D. Man can make the hands,the eyes and the brain work together. 人类可以使手、 眼睛和大脑协同工作。

　　5. What does the word “routh” mean? It means (D )" routh "一词是什么意思?这意味着

　　A.flat B.heavy C.hard D.not smooth不顺畅

　　Passage 3

　　Money is used for buying or selling goods, for measuring value and for storing wealth. In primitive societies a system of barter was used. Barter was a system of direct exchange of goods. Somebody could exchange a sheep, for example, for anything in the marketplace that he or she considered to be of equal value. Barter, however, was a very unsatisfactory system because people’s precise needs seldom met. People needed a more practical system of exchange, and various money systems developed. Cattle grain, teeth, shells, feathers, skulls, salt, elephant tusks, and tobacco had all been used. Precious metals gradually took over because, when made into coins, they were portable, durable, recognizable, and divisible into larger and smaller units of value.

　　钱用于购买或销售商品、 测量值和存储的财富。在原始的社会用易货的系统。易货商品直接交流制度。有人可以交换一只羊，例如，在市场上的任何东西他或她应视为同等价值。易货，因为人的确切需要很少得到满足，但是，是很不理想的系统。人们需要一种更实用的系统的交流，和开发各种货币系统。黄牛皮、 牙齿、 贝壳、 羽毛、 头骨、 盐、 象牙和烟草了所有被使用。贵金属逐步接手因为时制成硬币，他们是便携式、 耐用、 辨认，和可分到更大、 更小单位的值。

　　A coin is a piece of metal, usually disc-shaped, which bears lettering, designs or numbers showing its value. Until the 18th and 19th centuries, coins were given monetary worth based on the exact amount of metal contained in them, but most modern coins are based on face value --- the value that the governments choose in them, which doesn’t show the actual metal content. Coins have been made of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, lead, zinc, and plastic. Most governments now issue paper money in the form of bills, which are really “promises to pay”. Paper money is easier to handle and more convenient in the modern world. Checks and credit cards are being used increasingly, and it is possible to imagine a world where “money” in the form of coins and paper currency will no longer be used.

　　一枚硬币是一块金属，通常圆盘形，附有刻字、 设计或显示其值的数字。直到 18 和 19 世纪，硬币得到金钱价值基于金属当中所载的确切数量，但最现代的硬币基于票面价值---政府选择在他们，而不显示实际的金属含量的值。金、 银、 铜、 铝、 镍、 铅、 锌、 塑料方面取得了硬币。大多数国家的政府现在发行纸币的条例草案，这真是承诺支付形式。纸币是现代世界中的处理变得更容易、 更方便。正在越来越多地使用支票和信用卡，它是可以想象的世界将不再使用的纸币和硬币窗体中的"钱"。

　　1.Barter here means ( C ) Barter 在这里的意思是

　　A. exchanging goods for money

　　B. exchanging money goods for

　　C. exchanging goods for goods物品和物品之间的直接交换。

　　D. exchanging a sheep for anything in the market

　　2. Why were precious metals gradually used for making coins? ( D ) 为什么贵金属逐步用于制作硬币?

　　A. Because they were durable and portable. 因为他们是耐用和便于携带

　　B. Because they were recognizable. 因为他们是可识别的。

　　C. Because they were divisible. 因为他们整除。

　　D. All of the above. 上述都是

　　3. Coins were given value according to exact amount of metals contained in them ( A ) 硬币给定值根据金属在其中所含的确切数额是在

　　A. before the 18th and 19th centuries. 18、 19 世纪前

　　B. after the 18th and 19th centuries. 18、 19 世纪后

　　C. during the 18th and 19th centuries在 18 和 19 世纪

　　D. between the 18th and 19th centuries 18、 19 世纪之间

　　4. “promises to pay” means ( B ) 承诺支付”是指

　　A.possibilities to pay B.obligations to pay义务支付 C.necessities to pay D.opportunities to pay

　　5. A world without any money in the form of coins and paper is ( C ). 没有任何钱的硬币和纸张形式的世界是

　　A.suitable B.necessary C.possible有可能的 D.avoidable

　　Passage 4

　　Not long ago there was a man is New York. He jogged into Central Park every morning. He always took a five-dollar bill with him in his top pocket. He jogged into the park and went to the shop by the lake. He always bought himself a coffee and a doughnut (炸圈饼).

　　不很久以前有一个人是纽约。他每天早晨都到中央公园慢跑。他总是带五美元的钞票上的口袋里。他到公园里慢跑和在湖边去了商店。他总是给自己买一杯咖啡和炸圈饼.

　　One day he jogged into the park and another jogger knocked into him. For a few moments he didn’t think about it, then he suddenly thought, “Hey! This guy might be a pickpocket!” He felt for his five-dollar bill in his pocket. It wasn’t there! The other buy had taken it! He thought,” There is too much crime in New York! I always say honest people must fight crime”

　　他到公园里慢跑的一天，和另一个慢跑撞到他。一会儿，他并不认为这件事，然后他突然想到，"嘿 !这家伙可能是个扒手 !"他在他的口袋里摸他 5 美元的钞票。它不在那里 !其他买了它 !他认为，在纽约有太多的犯罪 !我总是说诚实的人必须打击犯罪"

　　The other jogger was only 30 meters ahead. The first jogger ran after him, hit him no the shoulder, and said, “Give me the money!” the second jogger said,” OK! Just stay cool! Take it easy! Take it easy!”

　　另外慢跑者是仅有30米领先。第一个慢跑者跑在他之后，没有打他的肩膀，说：“给我钱!”第二慢跑者说：“OK!只要保持冷静!别紧张!别紧张!“"

　　Then the second jogger gave the first jogger a five-dollar bill. The second jogger then ran away as fast as he could! The first jogger ran to the shop. He felt really good. He had fought crime. He had got his money back again. He bought himself a coffee and two doughnuts.

　　然后第二个慢跑者给第一次的慢跑者五美元的钞票。第二个慢跑者就跑开了和他一样快 !第一次的慢跑者跑到那家商店。他感觉很好。他打的是犯罪。他又已经回到了他的钱。他给自己买了一杯咖啡和两个炸圈饼。

　　Then he ran home. His wife was waiting. She was shaking her head. “Oh dear! Oh dear!” she said, “You’ve had a bad morning, haven’t you?”

　　然后他跑回家，他的妻子在等待。她摇头。"噢亲爱的 !噢亲爱的 !"她说，"你有一个坏的早晨，不是吗?"

　　“No, Why? I’ve had a very good morning!” he said.

　　“Really?” she said,”But you left your five-dollar bill on the table”

　　"不，为什么?我已经有一个很好的早晨 !"他说。"真的吗? 她说，"但桌子上留了五美元的钞票

　　1.Every morning the man would do the flooowing except ( D ) 每天早晨这个男人会做什么

　　A.taking a five-dollar bill with him

　　B.jogging into a park

　　C.buying a a coffee and two doughnut for himself

　　D.meeting friends in Central Park.在中央公园见朋友

　　2.The men ran after the other jogger because ( C ) 男子追其他慢跑者，因为后者

　　A.the latter ran ahead of him

　　B.the two were having a race

　　C.he thought the latter was a thief 他认为，后者是的贼

　　D.the latter had run into him.

　　3. The second jogger finally ran away as fast as he could beause ( C ) 第二个慢跑者终于跑了他可能一样快

　　A.he had already been caught once

　　B. he was in a hurry to go to work

　　C.he probably thought that the man would run after him again他也许认为他能跑去追上他了

　　D.he felt very tuilty

　　4.The first jogger felt very good for ( A )

　　A.he thought he had fought crime and won 他认为他有打击犯罪，赢了

　　B.he could run faster than the sceond jogger

　　C.he had two doughnuts that morning

　　D.he could go to the shop now

　　5.Which of the follwing is Not Ture according to the passage? ( B ) .下列的这篇文章是不是真的?

　　A.There was a lot of crime in New York. 有很多在纽约的犯罪。

　　B.The second jogger stole a five-dollar bill from the first jogger. 第二个慢跑者从第一个慢跑者偷了五美元的钞票.

　　C.The first jogger wanted to be an honest man. 第一个的慢跑者想要一个诚实的人。

　　D.The first jogger made a foolish mistake that morning. 第一慢跑者在那天早上犯愚蠢的错误。

　　Passage 5

　　When young people get their first real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situations. They may find that everything is different from the way things were at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable and insecure in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can’t be the only preparation for all of the different situations that arise in the working world.

　　当年轻的人得到他们第一次真正的工作时，他们可能面临很多新的、 令人困惑的情况。他们可能会发现一切都是不同的方式，在学校的时候。它也是可能的他们会感到不舒服，在专业和社会的情况下不安全。最终，他们意识到大学的类不能为所有出现在工作环境中的不同情况的唯一的准备。

　　Perhaps the best way to learn how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you will be able to see what it is that you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts in a crisis. Perhaps even more important, you will be able to see what his approach to day-do-day situations is.

　　若要了解如何在工作环境中的行为的最佳方式或许是确定一名工人，你欣赏并观察他的行为。在这样做时，您将能够看到它是什么您在此人钦佩。例如，您会发现他在危机中的行为。也许更重要的是，您将能够看到他做的方法是什么。

　　While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like yours and how you can learn from his responses to a variety of situations. By watching and learning from a model, you will probably begin to identify and adopt good working habits.

　　虽然你观察您的同事，你应该问自己是否他的行为就像你和你如何可以得知从他在很多情况下的反应。观看和学习的一种模型，您可能将开始发掘和采用良好的工作习惯。

　　1.the young people just graduated from school may not behave well in the working world,because ( A ) 刚从学校毕业的年轻人在工作环境中可能表现不好因为

　　A. what they learned in university classes is not adequate for their new life. A.他们所学的大学类不能满足他们的新生活。

　　B.they are not well educated.他们没有得到很好的教育

　　C.the society is too complicated to adapt to 社会是太复杂，适应

　　D.they failed to work hard at school 他们未能在学校努力

　　2.in the last line of the first paragraph, the word “arise” means ( B ) 第一个段落的最后一行，将“出现”的意思

　　A. bring about B.come into being形成C.occur to D.cause to happen

　　3.The best way to learn how to behave in the working world is ( C ) 若要了解如何在工作环境中的行为的最好方法是

　　A.to find a worker and follow him closely发现一名工人，并跟随他紧密合作

　　B. to find a person you admire and make friends with him 找到您欣赏的人并和他交朋友

　　C. to find a person you respect and watch carefully how he acts in different situations要寻找一个人你尊重并仔细地看着他在不同情况下的行为

　　D. to make the acquaintance of a model you admire结交你欣赏的模型

　　4.in the last line of the second paragraph, the wore “approach” means ( D ) 在第二段的最后一行" approach "的意思是

　　A.means of entering

　　B.speaking to someone for the first time 第一次给人发言

　　C.way of coming nearer to

　　D.manner of doing something

　　5.the passage could be best entitled ( A ) 这篇文章可能最好的标题是

　　A.”Learn from a Model” 从模式学习

　　B.” Learn, Learn and Learn Again”

　　C.” Learn Forever

　　D.”One Is Never Too Old to Learn”

　　Passage 6

　　Long bus rides are like televisions shows. They have a beginning, a middle and an end --- with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. “Buy Super Clean Toothpaste.” “Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer.” “Fill up with Pacific Gas.” Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of “You Need It! Buy It Now!”

　　长巴士乘车就像电视节目。他们有开始、 中层和结束---与广告引发每三个或四分钟一班。广告是不可避免的。每隔几分钟广告牌滑轮的巴士窗外。"买超洁净的牙膏"。"喝 Good'n 湿的根啤酒。""填补了太平洋天然气。"只有当你睡，其值等于打开电视机，您免遭无休止的哭声，因为"你需要它 ! 现在就买 !"

　　The beginning of the ride is comfortable and exciting. Usually some things have changed---new houses, new buildings, even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out. If the driver is reckless or truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-hand lane? After a while, the excitement dies down, sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting.

　　舒适和令人兴奋的旅程的开始。通常一些事情改变了---新房子、 新的建筑物，甚至一条新路。公共汽车司机有驾驶和它的乐趣，试图搞定的风格。如果该驱动程序是鲁莽或卡车的时间吗?驱动程序会将移动到右边或左边行车吗?过了一会儿，下来，兴奋模具睡了一会儿帮助通过中间乘车的时间。食品总是让巴士乘车更有趣。

　　The end of the ride is like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with your hands on the arm rests—even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at no more ways to sit.

　　乘车的结束就像开始。你知道它会马上就有一种期待与兴奋的心情。座位已成为更难的由于时间已通过。由现在你已经坐在你的双腿交叉，用你的双手在你的膝上，手上手臂在于 — — 甚至用手勾你的头。只是在没有更多的方式来坐都结束了。

　　1.According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip? ( C )

　　A.Buses on the road.

　　B.Films on television

　　C. Advertisements on the board广告板上的

　　D.Gas stations.

　　2.What is the purpose of this passage? A这篇文章的目的是什么?

　　A. To give the writer’s opinion about long bus trips.长公共汽车旅行给作者的看法,

　　B.To persuade you to take a long bus trip.

　　C. To explain how bus grips and television shows differ.

　　D.To describe the billboards along the road.

　　3.The writer of this passage soule probably favor ( )

　　A.bus drivers who weren’t reckless

　　B.driving alone

　　C.a television set on the bus

　　D.no billboards along the road

　　4.The writer reels longs bus rides are like TV shows because ( D ) 他的作家盘的多头巴士乘车兜风是像电视节目因为

　　A.the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are fun

　　B.they both have a beginning, a middle and an end, with commercials in between

　　C.the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on buses

　　D.both traveling and watching TV are not exciting旅行和看电视两个都不刺激

　　5. The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are ( A ) 作者认为乘车的结束是有点像开始，因为两者都是

　　A.exciting B.comfortable C.tiring D.boring