四、阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。
22
Some farmers in California are having a hard time picking their crops。There are not enough workers to help them with the harvest。
One farmer used to grow peaches(桃子)，but will soon grow almonds(杏仁)instead。Peaches require more labor to harvest。They are easy to be damaged and need careful hand picking。He is now removing his peach trees。Then he will plant almond trees in their places。Almonds are harvested differently。It does not take as many workers to pick them because a machine shakes the almond trees。The nuts fall on the ground and then are gathered up。The farmer does not have to hire many workers。
Some farmers think there are two reasons why they can’t find enough farm workers。One reason is that there are a lot of well-paid construction jobs in the area。Many people are taking these jobs instead of picking fruit。The other reason is that it has become more difficult for workers to come from Mexico into California。Fewer workers are allowed to get into the country to work on the fruit farms。To settle the problem，farmers hope the government might allow these workers to work as guests。That would help workers provide for their family and help farmers harvest their crops。When the harvest season is over they’ll go back home。Farmers say that unless things change，more fruits will come from other countries。
This is because labor is cheaper in those countries than in the United States。
22.[1单选题]What problem do some farmers have?
A.They have no workers to remove fruit trees.
B.There is little land for growing fruit.
C.Their crops were badly damaged last year.
D.It’s difficult to harvest their crops.
22.[1单选题]Why does the peach farmer start to plant almonds?
A.There is a greater demand for almonds.
B.Growing almonds takes much less land.
C.A machine can help get almonds off the trees.
D.Almonds will fall on the ground when ripe.
22.[1单选题]Why can’t some farmers find enough workers to pick fruit?
A.They grow too many peach trees.
B.People prefer well-paid construction jobs.
C.Few people want to work in California.
D.They don’t want to hire workers from Mexico.
22.[1单选题]What will happen if the situation does not improve?
A.The government will hire workers to help with the harvest.
B.More people will move to California from Mexico.
C.Other countries will provide cheaper labor for US farmers.
D.More fruits will be bought from other countries.
23
Scientists have long tried to be able to know more about floods。So far，the best that scientists can do is to recognize the conditions for flooding。
Although deep snow alone seldom causes floods，when it occurs together with heavy rain and sudden warmer weather，it can lead to serious flooding。If there is a fast snow melt (融化)on top of frozen or very wet ground，flooding is likely to occur。Melting snow also causes high water levels in rivers。Whenever rivers are already at their highest possible levels，heavy rains will result in the rivers’flooding the nearby land。
Rivers covered in ice can also lead to flooding。When ice begins to melt，it breaks into large pieces。These pieces of ice move and float down the river。They can block the river，causing the water to rise and flood the land up the river。If the ice dam(坝)breaks suddenly，the large quantity of water held behind it can flood the areas down the river too。
Broken ice dams are not the only problem that can cause flooding。When a large human—made dam breaks or fails to hold the water collected behind it，it will also cause serious damage。
Although scientists cannot always know when floods will occur，they do know a great deal about when floods are likely，or probably，going to occur。
23.[1单选题]What have scientists achieved in dealing with floods?
A.They have prevented many rivers from flooding.
B.They have reduced the damage caused by floods.
C.They have learned much about conditions for flooding.
D.They have found most of the ice dams on the river.
23.[1单选题]When will deep snow lead to floods?
A.The snow suddenly gets frozen.
B.The top of the ground becomes wet.
C.It rains hard with a big rise in temperature.
D.The snow melts gradually into a river.
23.[1单选题]What happens when ice dams break?
A.They may quickly block the river.
B.The ice covering the river may melt fast.
C.A larger ice dam may soon be formed.
D.The areas down the river may be flooded.
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