2010年英语四六级考试：写作讲义精选(四)

　第一节
　　13. Brain Drain
　　Brain drain is a delicate problem with which this country is confronted. In the last ten years
　　or so, a lot of scientists and technicians have swarmed into developed countries for further studies or research work, let alone numerous promising students. And there are no indications that they will be back home before long. This country has paid the expenses of training them but lost them. How did that come about?
　　It seems that it isn't impossible to solve the problem. The scientists and the like can be
　　attracted back home so long as great importance is attached to the intellectual's deserving treatment and effective measures are taken to provide them with excellent pay and agreeable conditions.
　　注：so long as 只要; great importance is attached to... 重视
　　effective measures 有效措施
　　14. Treasure Water
　　The availability of water has been an important factor in China's growth. China is blessed
　　with large supplies of fresh water. Such mighty rivers as the Yellow, the Yangtse and the Songhua irrigate the farming land of thousands of miles along them. In addition, the development of industry and the water supply of big cities are made possible largely by vast resources.
　　注：Treasure v 珍惜.
　　15. How to Solve Energy Crisis
　　Man is faced with a big problem—the energy crisis, which is becoming more and more
　　serious. First, with the increase in the world's population, the demand for fuels is growing steadily. Second, the rapid development of industry and agriculture calls for an increasing amount of coal, oil and natural gas.
　　注：energy 能源;crisis 危机
　　1、面临
　　2、解决
　　Confronted with the energy crisis, we should take a series of effective measures to save
　　energy. For one thing, it is high time that people all over the world realized the severe fact that our natural resources have been fixed since the earth was created. For another, the governments of all countries are supposed to lay down the rules and regulations to restrict the amount of gas used by cars. Finally, scientific researches should be encouraged to work out efficient methods of saving fuels and to seek new sources of energy.
　　Personally, I believe that solar energy is a possible source of clean, inexpensive and abundant
　　energy. It does not pollute the environment and costs only as much as the installation of solar panels to absorb the sun's rays. Consequently. I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because solar energy will be able to help us to solve the energy crisis.
　　注：personally 就我个人而言;solar 太阳能
　　17. Physical Exercise
　　More and more people today are realizing the importance of regular physical exercise. In the
　　past, most people were involved in manual labour out in the fresh air of the fields. Nowadays a lot of people work in offices, spending most of their time indoors. In the evenings they usually sit watching TV or reading newspapers. Their daily lives don't provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy. Therefore, they must devote part of their time to doing regular physical exercise.
　　注：两点提纲：
　　1、重要
　　2、方法
　　18. Information in the Modern Society
　　n the modern society, it is important to be well-informed. Success in many fields depends on
　　getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. That is why we call the current age“the Information Age”.
　　There are many means of acquiring information which enable us to keep up with the step of social development. First, we read various books, newspapers ...
　　注：surf 冲浪
　　16. Fire Accidents in Big Cities
　　In recent years there has been a marked growth of fire accidents in big cities of our country.
　　Almost every day we see fire engines rushing through streets. Fires have not only resulted in heavy economic losses but also injured and killed many people.
　　What are the causes of fire accidents? Most of the fires are brought about by carelessness and violation of fire safety regulations. Others are due to the poor quality of home electrical appliances. ...
　　In my opinion, in order to prevent fires we should first of all foster people's sense of fire
　　prevention. The second thing we have to do is to increase the number of professional fire fighters, to whom regular training courses should be offered. Finally, we are to improve the existing fire engines and add more fire facilities to high-rise buildings. In this way, a reliable fire prevention system will be formed.
　　注：foster 培养;enhance 提高
　　How I Finance My College Education
　　After I came into the college, there is a question how I finance my college education.
　　There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. The most usual way is use the family's money. Most of the students get money from their parents. If someone's family situation is not well he can apply for loan to bank.
　　The government will help the students like this. Other way is find a job through school's help. Of course we still put study in the first place. ...
　　注：finance n 金融
　　v 提供资金
　　第二节
　　How I Finance My College Education
　　After I came into the college, there is a question how I finance my college education.
　　There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. The most usual way is use the family's money. Most of the students get money from their parents. If someone's family situation is not well he can apply for loan to bank.
　　The government will help the students like this. Other way is find a job through school's help. Of course we still put study in the first place. ...
　　注：finance n 金融
　　v 提供资金
　　How I Finance My College Education
　　Nowadays, tuition and fees for college are much higher than ever before. How to finance
　　your college education has become a matter of concern for many. You can deal with in many ways. You can get all of the money from your parents. You can apply for a loan especially set up for college students. You can also acquire the money completely by yourself, doing a full-time job in summer or winter holiday. In addition, you can ask your parents for most of it and earn the rest in your spare time in college, by doing a part time job.
　　注：get all of 得到;alpply for 申请;loan 贷款;acquire 得到
　　Part-time Jobs for College Students
　　There are some controversies on part-time jobs for college students. People who are against it
　　hold that the sole purpose of higher education is for the students to acquire knowledge. If they are engaged in part-time job they will be invariably distracted from their studies and as a result they can not fulfil the requirements mapped out by the State Education Commission. The writer, however, thinks that there are several advantages for college students involved in part-time jobs.
　　Firstly, part-time jobs provide opportunities for students to contact society so as to know the
　　situation of the talent market. For instance, if a student works as a part-time governess, he or she will know what kind of professionals are urgently needed by the market and this will help him to choose a future job. Secondly, there are some financial gains from part-time jobs. Since the reform was carried out, institutions of higher education have started to collect tuition fees from students. Needless to say this means another financial burden on parents. And part-time jobs can serve as a partial solution to this problem. Last but not least, part-time jobs can cultivate students' sense of independence.
　　(三)永恒话题
　　1997年1月
　　For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Haste Makes Waste. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
　　1. 为什么“欲速则不达”?
　　2. 举例说明。
　　注：不劳无获 No pains，No gains.
　　熟能生巧 Practice makes perfect.
　　有志者，事竟成。Where is a will,where is a way.
　　Pride goes before failure. 骄必败.
　　1、解释
　　2、举例
　　3、总结
　　detail 细节
　　be patient 有耐心
　　To pull a young plant up what，and help it grow.
　　拔苗助长
　　The Chinese people were so eager to develop their economy,that they took some wrong measures.
　　10. Haste Makes Waste
　　By “Haste makes waste” is meant that one should do everything step by step. Even simple
　　operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task.
　　注：operation 事情，手术，操作
　　spoil 破坏
　　neglect 忽视，忽略
　　正反对比法
　　With a strong will, one can over come nearly all difficulties.On the contrary,Without a strong will, one can be easily defected by his failures.
　　make use of 利用

　第三节
　　10. Haste Makes Waste
　　By “Haste makes waste” is meant that one should do everything step by step. Even simple
　　operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task.
　　注：operation 事情，手术，操作
　　spoil 破坏
　　neglect 忽视，忽略
　　正反对比法
　　With a strong will, one can over come nearly all difficulties.On the contrary,Without a strong will, one can be easily defected by his failures.
　　make use of 利用
　　Take English study for example. Without a good command of pronunciation, we can never
　　hope to speak in an understandable way. Similarly, if we do not learn to spell properly and to acquire a basic grasp of grammar, we will never succeed in writing good compositions.
　　注：command 掌握;similarly 同样道理
　　In short, laying a solid foundation is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies
　　or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our lives. At every step, review what has been achieved and assess the problems ahead before moving to the next step. And remember, Rome was not built in a day.
　　注：in short 总而言之
　　laying a solid foundation 打下坚实基础
　　modesty 谦虚
　　review 复习，回顾;assess 估计
　　(四)图表题
　　1996年6月
　　The suggested title is:Car Accidents Declining in Walton City.
　　注：图表题一定不要大量机械的罗列数据，而要挖掘内涵。
　　From the graph，we can see that...
　　According to the graph...
　　第四节
　　(四)图表题
　　1996年6月
　　The suggested title is:Car Accidents Declining in Walton City.
　　注：图表题一定不要大量机械的罗列数据，而要挖掘内涵。
　　From the graph，we can see that...
　　According to the graph...
　　19. Car Accidents Declining in Walton City
　　According to the graph, the rise and fall of the rate of car accidents in Walton City varies with
　　the seasons. From January to March last year it increased by 45%, from March to June it dropped by about half the previous rate; and from June to August there was a steep rise of 50%. After that, however, there was a steady decrease, and this makes us optimistic that car accidents are declining in Walton City.
　　注：rise 升;fall 降;drop 掉下来;decline 下降;soar v 大幅度上升
　　rocket v 大幅度上升;previous 以前的，前面的;steep 大幅度的(相当于sharp)
　　steady 稳定的，逐步的;At the same time 同时
　　图表题的写作思路：
　　1、描述变化
　　2、说明原因
　　3、总结