The Olympic Games and the Development of Beijing
The preparations for an Olympic Games accelerate the host city's economic development as they greatly increase the demand on the construction of the city's infrastructure, ecosystem, electronic technology and other capabilities. A case in point is South Korea. During its preparations for the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games, its economy enjoyed an annual growth rate of 12. 4% from 1981 to 1988, and its GDP per capita increased from US $2,300 to US $6,300.
Boomed by the Olympic Games, South Korea realized the transformation from a developing country to an industrialized economy. Ln light of this, we have every reason to believe that preparations for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will also have a significant impact on the economic development of the city.
With Beijing's successful Olympic bid, many experts have anticipated the almost certain positive effects the Games would have on Beijing's economic growth. It is estimated that the investment and consumption demand spurred by the Olympic Games will lift the capital's GDP growth by an additional annual rate of l. 67% on average between 2002 and 2007. By 2007 the city's GDP is expected to reach RMB 590 billion, and the GDP per capita around US $ 6000 - approaching that of Seoul's when it hosted the summer Olympic Games in 1988.
Since the Beijing Olympic Action Plan was approved, construction-related investments on infrastructure and the ecosystem have been increasing steadily. With respect to environmental protection, a 120 km2 green belt was built in 2002, and the green projects alongside 5 rivers and 10 main roads were also completed. More than 40 high-pollution factories were moved out of the city proper, and 16 forested areas including the Changpu River Park and the Ming City Wall Park were built, with a total area of 104 hectares. In addition, there are now over 3. 63 million square meters of new lawns, increasing the capital's total lawn area to 50 million square meters.
Furthermore, the city's efforts in cleaning the Qinghe and Liangshui rivers have already produced positive results in environmental protection.
With respect to transportation infrastructure, the newly constructed Fourth-Ring Road is already open to traffic. The No. 5 subway line, with a total investment of US $ 1. 45 billion, will be completed and put to operation in 2006. By 2008 eight additional light railway routes will have been completed, extending the total length of the intra-city rail network to 300 km.
Progress has also been made in the preservation of historical and cultural relics and sites. In the past few years, the Beijing municipal government has invested over RMB 2 billion in the construction of cultural facilities. In the next 5 years, an additional US $75 million will be contributed exclusively to the preservation and renovation of historical and cultural relics.
答案
奥运会与北京市发展
由于筹办奥运会在城市基础设施、生态环境、电子技术等方面提出大量的建设性需求，使得筹办过程对整个城市的经济发展产生巨大的带动作用。例如，韩国在筹办1988年汉城奥运会期间，从1981年到1988年经济增长速度年均提高到12.4%;1985年至1990年，人均国内生产总值从2300美元增加到6300美元，实现了从发展中国家向新兴工业国的转变。
因此，人们有理由相信，2008年的北京奥运会也将对这座城市的经济发展产生重大影响。
北京申办成功后，许多专家就举办2008年奥运会对首都经济增长的促进作用做了不少分析。据估计，2002-2007年，因奥运引起的投资和消费需求，将拉动全市国内生产总值增长速度平均每年提高约1.67个百分点。到2007年，全市国内生产总值可达到5900亿元左右，人均国内生产总值达到6000美元，接近汉城20年前举办奥运会时达到的水平。
实施《北京奥运行动规划》后，北京市在基础设施和生态环境等方面的建设投资不断增长。在环境保护方面，2002年建成了120平方公里的绿化隔离带，完成了“五河十路”
366公里的绿化工程，搬迁了40家严重污染的企业;新建了包括菖蒲河公园、明城墙遗址公园在内的16处大绿地，占地104公顷;新增草坪363万平方米，总面积已达到5000万平方米。清河、凉水河等综合整治污水处理系统进展顺利，生态环境保护工作取得了显著的成果。
在交通建设方面，四环路全线开通。投资14.5亿美元的地铁5号线预计2006年建成通车。在2008年前新建8条轨道交通线，使全市的轨道交通线路总长达到300公里。
在文物保护和文化建设方面，近几年，北京市拨款20多个亿用于文化设施建设。在未来5年中，北京市政府还将陆续投资7500万美元，用于城市遗址遗迹的保护和修缮。
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