Part II: Cloze (20×0.5%=10%)
Directions: In the following passage there are 20 blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.
It seems parents have long been right. Going to bed early is key to 41 enough sleep and helping adolescents feel 42 the world, a new study reported. 43 sleep among youngsters, according to the study, may 44 depression and suicidal thoughts.
“Our results are 45 with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for 46 , working with other risk and protective factors 47 multiple possible causal pathways to the development of this 48 disorder,” said lead author James Gangwisch. “Adequate quality sleep could 49 be a preventative measure against depression and a 50 for depression,” he added.
The study followed the 51 habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and found those who consistently went to bed after midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who turned in before 10∶00 pm. Night owls also ran a 20 percent higher risk of 52 suicidal thoughts.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that adolescents 53 sleep at least nine hours or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10∶00 pm reported they slept
54 about eight hours and 10 minutes. But that amount of sleep dropped 55 for those in bed after midnight. And 56 who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more likely to 57 depression and 48 percent more at risk of becoming suicidal.
It is a societal expectation that adolescents do not need as much sleep as preadolescents, yet studies suggest that adolescents may actually 58 more sleep. Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed early enough to 59 for earlier school start times, and transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be associated with significant sleep 60 .
( )41. A. get B. getting C. be getting D. have got
( )42. A. at the top of B. to the top of C. on the top of D. on top of
( )43. A. Lack of B. Plenty of C. An amount of D. A lack in
( )44. A. trickle B. trigger C. strip D. trim
( )45. A. cooperative B. constant C. consistent D. comprehensive
( )46. A. depression B. frustration C. indignation D. opposition
( )47. A. with B. for C. through D. under
( )48. A. mood B. sense C. brain D. body
( )49. A. but B. also C. still D. therefore
( )50. A. protection B. treatment C. research D. direction
( )51. A. daily B. nightly C. weekly D. monthly
( )52. A. conflicting B. struggling C. crashing D. battling
( )53. A. might B. would C. should D. could
( )54. A. at least B. in detail C. on average D. by nature
( )55. A. largely B. significantly C. chiefly D. unusually
( )56. A. adults B. adolescents C. infants D. lads
( )57. A. erupt B. encounter C. suffer D. submit
( )58. A. request B. require C. appeal D. plead
( )59. A. compensate B. complement C. compliment D. compromise
( )60. A. syndrome B. evolution C. deprivation D. compassion
