2016年托福考试词汇专项强化习题及答案一

　　1. Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for nonadapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight.

　　The word "tolerate" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) endure

　　(B) replace

　　(C) compensate

　　(D) reduce

　　2. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures.

　　The word "obtain" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) digest

　　(B) carry

　　(C) save

　　(D) get

　　3. In 1979 Santa Monica's municipal government ordered landlords to roll back their rents to the levels charged in 1978. Future rents could only go up by two thirds as much as any increase in the overall price level.

　　The phrase "roll back" in lines 11-12 is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) credit

　　(B) measure

　　(C) vary

　　(D) reduce

　　4. In any housing market, rental prices perform three functions: (1) promoting the efficient maintenance of existing housing and stimulating the construction of new housing.

　　The word "stimulating" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) experimenting with

　　(B) identifying

　　(C) estimating

　　(D) encouraging

　　5. One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent Controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability-rents.

　　The word "depressed" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) saddened

　　(B) created

　　(C) lowered

　　(D) defeated

　　6. In the same year, in San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. San Francisco has only a 1. 6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws.

　　The word "stringent" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) straightforward

　　(B) strict

　　(C) expanded

　　(D) efficient

　　7. For example, sometimes the shape or veining in a piece of stone or wood suggests, perhaps even dictates, not only the ultimate form, but even the subject matter.

　　The word "dictates" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) reads aloud

　　(B) determines

　　(C) includes

　　(D) records

　　8. In 1905 he was sent to Paris as an apprentice to an art dealer, and in the years that followed he witnessed the birth of Cubism, discovered primitive art, and learned the techniques of woodcarving from a frame maker.

　　The word "witnessed" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) influenced

　　(B) studied

　　(C) validated

　　(D) observed

　　9. The plank's form dictated the rigidly frontal view and the low relief. Even its irregular shape must have appealed to Laurent as a break with a long-standing tradition that required a sculptor to work within a perfect rectangle or square.

　　The phrase "a break with" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) a destruction of

　　(B) a departure from

　　(C) a collapse of

　　(D) a solution to

　　10. In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserve precious food reserves.

　　The word "conserve" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) retain

　　(B) watch

　　(C) locate

　　(D) share

　　参考答案：

　　1 A

　　2 D

　　3 D

　　4 D

　　5 C

　　6 B

　　7 B

　　8 D

　　9 B

　　10 A