2014年5月托福考试模拟试题及答案(第十套)

　　口语题的回答模板：

　　1. In this set of materials, the reading passage describes….. (填入阅读短文的标题)and the listening passage is a lecture by a professor on the same topic.

　　2. According to the reading passage….

　　3. In the listening passage, the professor goes on to demonstrate it by\ with two examples. The first one is …. And the second one is….

　　母题一2009/1/10

　　Sampling Error

　　Often, students or employees will be asked to draw a conclusion from a huge amount of data. That’s when a sample is introduced. When a sample is accurate, it can represent the whole group. But when it is wrong, sampling error would occur. In statistics, sampling error or estimation error is caused by observing a single sample instead of the whole population. Sampling error can be found by subtracting the value of a parameter from the value of a statistic. Generally, there are two methods of reducing sampling error: increasing the sample size, and ensuring that the sample can adequately represent the entire population.

　　Sample Answer:

　　The passage talks about a statistics term “sampling error”, which is caused by obversing a single sample instead of the whole population. If the sample is inaccurate, sampling error might appear. The lecture cited one experiment to illustrate the term. A researcher intended to conduct an experiment to calculate the amount of fish of different sizes in one pond. The researcher scooped out one net of fish to be his statistic sample. To his surprise, there were only big fish and middle sized fish in his net. Finally, he figured out that small fish has already escaped from his big-mesh fishing net.(the example best illustrates the conception "　")