2017年11月26日托福听力机经预测

　　Art history(150418 CN L4)

　　1. What is the lecture mainly about?

　　A. The evolution of Vermeer's painting style

　　B. Ways that Vermeer's use of models influenced later Dutch painters

　　C. Efforts to establish the date of one of Vermeer's paintings

　　D. The enduring appeal of one of Vermeer's paintings

　　2. According to the professor, how do portraits differ from tronies?

　　Click on 2 answers.

　　A. In portraits, the head and shoulders are facing the same direction.

　　B. In portraits, the subject is intended to represent a specific person.

　　C. In portraits, a larger proportion of the subject's body is included in

　　the painting.

　　D. In portraits, the overall dimensions of the painting are larger.

　　3. Why does the professor describe ways in which light is depicted in

　　Girl with a Pearl Earring?

　　Click on 2 answers.

　　A. To make a point about the quality of paint used by Vermeer

　　B. To imply that Vermeer's style was in transition when the painting was

　　made

　　C. To point out the precision of Vermeer's observations

　　D. To give an example of Vermeer's masterful painting technique

　　4. Why does a student mention the Mona Lisa?

　　A. To suggest that it might have influenced Vermeer's painting of Girl

　　with a Pearl Earring

　　B. To point out a similarity in the expressions of Vermeer's model and

　　the woman in the Mona Lisa

　　C. To ask for clarification about the methods used to assign time periods

　　to undated paintings

　　D. To question why Girl with a Pearl Earring has not yet been analyzed

　　by a computer

　　...

　　⑩ Environmental policy(150524 CN L4)

　　1. What is the lecture mainly about?

　　(A) Ways to generate heat for nuclear fusion

　　(B) Differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion

　　(C) A controversial theory regarding how to generate nuclear fusion

　　(D) The possibility of establishing sustained nuclear fusion

　　2. According to the students, what are three advantages of nuclear

　　fusion over nuclear fission

　　Click on 3 answers.

　　(A) Nuclear fusion can use a fuel that is more easily obtained.

　　(B) Nuclear fusion can be achieved at lower temperatures.

　　(C) Nuclear fusion produces more energy.

　　(D) Nuclear fusion does not produce hazardous by-products.

　　(E) Nuclear fusion does not require as many natural resources.

　　3. Why does the professor mention isotopes of hydrogen?

　　(A) To correct a student's comment about how fusion takes place in stars

　　(B) To help answer a student's question about temperature requirements

　　for fusion reactors

　　(C) To explain what happens to hydrogen atoms during fusion reactions

　　(D) To justify the need for superconducting magnets in nuclear fusion

　　reactors

　　4. According to the professor, how will the ITER reactor differ from

　　earlier experimental fusion reactors?

　　Click on 2 answers.

　　(A) It will be transportable to different locations.

　　(B) It will sustain nuclear reactions through heat that it generates on its

　　own.

　　(C) It will heat the fuel mixture to a higher temperature.

　　(D) It will confine the plasma in a more energy-efficient way.

　　...

　　Film studies(150131 CN L3)

　　1. What does the professor mainly discuss?

　　A. How film-editing techniques have changed over time

　　B. The effect of editing on viewers' perceptions of a film

　　C. Differences between fiction films and documentary films

　　D. How Kuleshov's experiences as an actor influenced his filmmaking

　　2. What point does the professor make when he describes a shot of a

　　speaker that cuts to a shot of a crowd?

　　A. Filmmakers have difficulty manipulating time and space within

　　individual scenes.

　　B. Kuleshov's early films used editing more extensively than his later

　　films did.

　　C. Audiences tend to infer relationships between consecutive shots.

　　D. The filming of a crowd and the speaker on different days confused

　　the viewers.

　　3. The professor describes Kuleshov's most famous film experiment.

　　In the experiment, what aspect of the film did the audience praise?

　　A. The actor's ability to portray a variety of different characters

　　B. The actor's ability to express a wide range of feelings

　　C. Kuleshov's use of a popular actor

　　D. Kuleshov's ability to use scenery to create dramatic effects

　　4. What was Kuleshov's attitude toward the actors in his films?

　　A. He considered their acting abilities irrelevant to a finished film.

　　B. He depended on them to bring emotional impact to his films.

　　C. He believed that their training was often inadequate.

　　D. He valued their opinions about the filmmaking process.

　　...

　　听力原文

　　Script:

　　Narrator:

　　Listen to part of a lecture in a films studies class

　　Lecturer:

　　Now I’d like to take a look at just how important editing is for the film maker. You remember we said a film is made up of what we call shots. The basic unit to film narrative. And each shot is a continuous image being filmed, in which the camera is turned on for shooting that is filming the actor, scenery, whatever. And then it’s turned off. And after the shots are filmed, they have to be edited, put together, to tell a coherent story. Now, the most common way, is to cut from shot A to shot B, now cut in this sense, is a sudden change from one scene to another. In editing, the film maker chooses which shots, and how much of each shot to use. And what order to arrange them in. The typical Hollywood film, contains between 800 and 1200 shots, so, with so many shots to assemble, you can see how important editing decisions are, in shaping the finished film. So, cutting is an important editing technique. And it’s commonly used in what I’ll call, spatial and temporal manipulation. That is, in the conscious control in the relation between shot A and shot B in space and time. When a film cuts directly from one shot to the next, as viewers we perceive these shots as one uninterrupted segment between time, and space. For example, let’s say a shot of the speaker cuts to a shot of a cheering crowd. In reality, these two shots could have been taken on different days, and in two different locations. But, we assume that the crowd’s appearing FOR the speaker, during the speech, we infer spatial and temporal coexistence. The possibility of this kind of spatial and temporal manipulation was explored extensively in the 1920s by the Russian filmmaker Lev Kuleshov. Kuleshov did some experiments with film editing. In his most famous experiment, Kuleshov edited together a short film in which...