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2016年托福考试语法题训练及答案三

中华考试网   2016-10-02   【

  1. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while__________.

  (A) spoken is slander

  (B) is spoken slander

  (C) slander is spoken

  (D) is slander spoken

  答案:C

  测试点:词序/主谓结构。

  分析:连词while后连接句子,两边是对比关系,同句式、同结构。本句while前的libel is printed为“主系表”结构,应在答案中寻找相同的结构,即(C)。

  2. Great numbers of tiny shelled animals—on the ocean floor.

  (A) Live

  (B) Living

  (C) They will live

  (D) If they lived

  答案:A

  测试点:谓语。

  分析:空格前是名词性成份,作句子主语,应在答案中选择谓语动词,即(A)。(B)不能单独作谓语;(C) 重复了主语,(D)是从句。

  3. The knee is the joint __________the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.

  (A) when

  (B) where

  (C) why

  (D) which

  答案:B

  测试点:从句连接词。

  分析:空格前的joint表示地点,定语从句的连接词应当用指示地点的where。(A)指时间;(C)指原因;(D)指事物;且与从句中的主语the thigh bone重复。

  4. Closed plane figures like the square or the equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class __________polygons.

  (A) called

  (B) to call

  (C) is called

  (D) call as

  答案:A

  测试点:分词短语作后置定语。

  分析:横线前的class是名词,其后的部分应是它的定语。这个定语要么是从句,要么是短语。4个答案中无完整的从句,只有(A)是过去分词,可与横线后的polygons组成短语,故选(A)。(C)如加上关系代词which或that则亦为正确。(B)to call应为被动语态(to be called),这种结构通常省掉to be,成为(A)的形式。

  解题要点:分词短语作后置定语是TOEFL考题中反复出现的题型。它实际上等于系词(be)结构的定语从句省去which/that+be部分,只保留分词及其后成份。

  5. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have __________, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.

  (A) tastes sharp

  (B) sharp-tasting

  (C) a sharp taste

  (D) tasting sharp

  答案:C

  测试点:宾语。

  分析:动词have要求名词性的成份作它的宾语,应在答案中选择名词或名词词组,即(C)。(A)是系表结构;(B)是形容词;(D)是分词短语。

  6. __________the history of the tough, strong-willed Nebraska farmer.

  (A) Not only is much of the history of Nebraska

  (B) Although it is much of the history of Nebraska that is

  (C) It is much the history of Nebraska’s being

  (D) Much of the history of Nebraska is

  答案:D

  测试点: 主谓结构。

  分析:空格后只剩下名词性的成份,说明句子缺少主语和谓语动词,应在答案中寻找主语+动词的形式,即(D),much为名词。

  7. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability __________emotional depth to her songs.

  (A) be giving

  (B) are given

  (C) being given

  (D) to give

  答案:D

  测试点:不定式/习语。

  分析:空格及其后部分是名词ability的定语,应在答案中选择可做后置定语的不定式形式,即(D)。(A)、(B)是谓语动词形式,不能作定语。(C)分词虽可作定语,但用了被动态,与句意不合。

  解题要点: 与be able to do sth.一样,ability to do sth也是固定结构。请务必记住这两个句式。

  8. __________1895 did Cornell University begin to offer a degree in ornithology.

  (A) Not until

  (B) Not since

  (C) Until

  (D) In

  答案:A

  测试点:倒装句。

  分析:看到did出现在主语前,知道句子用了倒装,时间状语…1895提前。应在答案中选择用于倒装句的短语,即Not until…。(B) Not since用于完成时态,而本句为过去时;(C)、(D)不适于倒装句。

  解题要点;Not until十倒装句是TOEFL常考题型。

  9. Uniform acceleration occurs __________the rate of change remains the same over successive and equal intervals of time.

  (A) according

  (B) if

  (C) with

  (D) under

  答案:B

  测试点:连词。

  分析:空格前是一完整的主谓结构的句子,空格后的句子是它的状语从句,所缺为引导状语从句的连词。4个答案中只有(B)if是连词。(C)(D)是介词,(A)是副词,均不可连接从句。

  10. People’s expectations for a higher standard of living increase __________.

  (A) conditions in their community improve

  (B) since conditions in their improving community

  (C) conditions improve in their community

  (D) as conditions in their community improve

  答案:D

  测试点:状语从句。

  分析:空格前是一完整的主谓结构的句子,后面缺少的应是作状语的短语或从句。4个答案中无相应的短语,只有(D)是完整的从句,故选(D)。(A)、(C)均无连接词,(B)不是完整的句子。

  11. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of __________reality.

  (A) what it is conceived

  (B) that is conceived

  (C) what is conceived to be

  (D) that is being conceived of

  答案:C

  测试点:名词从句。

  分析:介词of后只能接名词宾语或名词性宾语从句。what引导的从句为名词从句,而that引导的从句则不可,接在介词后面,故在(A)(C)中选择。但(A)中what与it重复,故选(C)。且be conceived to be是固定结构。

  12. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants __________wild.

  (A) once they grew

  (B) they grew once

  (C) that once grew

  (D) once grew

  答案:C

  测试点:定语从句。

  分析:plants后的成份应是其定语从句,应在答案中选择完整、适当的从句,即(C)。此从句中that作主语,不可省略,故(D)错。(A)与句意不合;(B)不通。

  13. __________relatively costly, the diesel engine is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.

  (A) Even

  (B) It is

  (C) Even though

  (D) There is

  答案:C

  测试点:连词。

  分析:逗号前后两部分意思相反,需表转折关系的连词,即(C)。解题要点;连词even though如引导主系表结构的从句,则常常省去主语和系词be,此句即省掉了the diesel engine is.在结构题中的四个答案中如有even though,应当首考虑这个选择。

  14. __________images out of clay, stone, and metal.

  (A) The shaping of sculpture

  (B) Sculpting the shapes

  (C) To shape sculpture

  (D) Sculptors shape

  答案:D

  测试点:主谓结构。

  分析:本句主、谓语俱缺,应在答案中选择主谓结构的形式,即(D)。

  15. __________dates from the end of the eighteenth century.

  (A) The modern circus

  (B) That the modern circus

  (C) While the modern circus

  (D) The modern circus that

  答案:A

  测试点:主语。

  分析:dates是谓语动词,前面缺少主语。应在答案中选择名词或名词组作主语,即(A)。

  16. The boiled point of any liquid is determined by the pressure of the surrounding gases. 答案:A

  测试点:词形。

  分析:“沸点”的固定说法是boiling point,不用boiled。现在分词和过去分词有时会被故意用错,应记住现在分词有“正在进行”的意义,而过去分词则给人“已经完成”的感觉。试比较boiled water(煮开过的水)。

  17. The Ranger spacecraft it provided more than 17,000 pictures of the moon. 答案:A

  测试点:多词。

  分析:名词space craft做主语,it多余。

  18. Many people who live in New York City thinks that life in a large city offers special advantages.

  答案:B

  测试点:主谓数的一致。

  分析:主语是复数的Many people,因此谓语动词也要用复数形式think.

  19. The scientific revolution of the early 1900’s affected education by change the nature of technology.

  答案:C

  测试点:词形。

  分析:介词by后面不能加动词原形,应改用其动名词形式changing。

  20. Meadowlarks are about the same size than robins, but they have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills.

  答案:B

  测试点:习语。

  分析:看到the same…应注意其后是否有as。same…as…结构是TOEFL考题中常出现的一种同级比较结构。

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