托福考试辅导：语法讲解（34）

第三节 动名词
动名词是动词的特殊形式，拼写类似现在分词，用法类似名词，具有与二者均不同的特点：动名词可作动词或介词宾语（分词不行）之后可以再接宾语（名词不行），它兼备了动词和名词的功能，故称作动名词

考点一 动名词作宾语

1． 许多动词不能接不定式作宾语，同时又需要动宾结构作宾语，此时动名词便可大显身手了，如：enjoy singing（喜欢唱歌）,
avoid looking me in the eye
miss crashing into the tree
Fancy meeting you here! (想不到在这里见到你了)
常接动名词doing做宾语的动词有：
enjoy, mind, delay, avoid, consider, deny, miss, escape, fancy, suggest, insist等
另外, 在一些固定用法当中, 也需要用动名词做宾语, 如:
can't help doing, it's no use doing, it's worth doing, be busy doing, feel like doing等.

2. 有的动词既可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式，两者意思区别不大, 如: like, begin, start, love, learn等,
如: She began playing piano when she was five.
  She began to play piano when she was five.
但是对于remember, forget, try等动词来说，接不定式和接动名词意义不同, 如:
How many people remember listening to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
(还有多少人记得听过无线广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示已经听过了)
I remember to listen to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
(我想起来要听广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示还没有听过)

We must try to work this problem out. (我们必须尽力把这道题做出来)（表示努力，设法）
We can try doing it. (我们可以试着做它) （表示尝试）

动名词作介词宾语的情况更加普遍，详见第四章介词-介宾短语

例题：
(1)
A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy to own a house.
应改为：owning
解释：enjoy doing是固定用法，必须用动名词作enjoy的宾语