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新托福考试辅导:改错之谓语动词

中华考试网   2011-03-25   【

  一、主谓一致
  1. 主谓的分隔原则
  S, ---,VO
  主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔
  * 主谓一致与主语同位语无关
  2. 定语从句中的主谓一致
  ...noun.+that/which+V
  * that, which并不反映单复数
  one of 复n + that/which + 复V
  the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V
  3. 随前一致
  together with, as well as, with, including, of
  4. 随后一致
  not 单n. but 复n. + 复V
  not noly 单n. but also 复n. + 复V
  5. 就近一致
  单n. or 复n.
  either 单n. or 复n.
  neither 单n. nor 复n.
  is he or we... 对
  he or we are... 对
  6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词
  不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词
  例外:war and peace is/was
  black and white is/was
  bread and butter is/was
  to love and to be loved is/was
  7. 百分比结构
  most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent
  __+of+n.+V 由名词决定动词的单复数
  8. 倒装句中的主谓一致
  There be...
  between , among 等介词位于句首,即引起倒装
  Between ...+ be + noun.
  Among...+ be + noun.
  主 + 系 + 表
  主系关系要一致,系表关系可以不一致
  9. The+ adj.
  a. 表示“一类人”用复数V
  The rich are ridiculous
  b. 表示某一抽象概念
  The good is attractive
  10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V
  more than one 单数noun. + 单数V
  many a + 单noun. + 单V
  a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two
  news 单数 measles 不可数
  the series 用is/are从上下文得出

  二、时态
  1. in + 过去某一时间,用一般现在时
  2. befort+ 过去年份,用过去完成时
  3. for/since:自www.Examw.com
  for后跟时间段,可用现在完成和一般过去时
  since 后跟时间点,只能跟现在完成时
  I have been a teacher for 3 years.
  I have been a teacher since 1996.
  I was a teacher for 3 years.
  4. 自然现象、真理描述用一般现在时
  时态:现在完成时和一般过去时混用
  一般现在时和一般过去时混用
  三、语态
  考主被的混用
  一个证明,二个位于,三个需要,四个情感
  1. 证明:prove(vi) + to be + n./adj.
  prove(vt) + sth./that +句子
  my advice rpoved to be wrong
  2. 位于:locate永远考被动
  situate 主动:把...放置;确定位置
  被动:位于
  3. 需要:need, want, require
  ┏ 情态动词+动原
  ┃ ┏ doing
  need ┃ 实义动词 ┃ to do ...一般
  ┃ ┗ to be done
  ┗ n.词
  My watch need┏ repairing. 主动表被动
  ┗ to be repaired.
  require┏ to be done
  want ┗ doing
  4. 情感:please, annoy, surprise, move
  I am pleased. 主语高兴
  The news is pleasing. 令人高兴
  使...高兴(心烦、惊讶、感动)
  Franklin is so moved.
  The story is so moving.

纠错评论责编:sallylsl
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