Understanding Autism
(1)Autism (孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear, and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships, communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly (费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.
(2)The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic (遗传的) factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several "causes".
(3)Most people with mental retardation (智力迟钝的) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits (欠缺) in certain areas- most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others--and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders, since diagnostic (诊断的) confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.
(4)In general, individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists, piano tuners,painters, farm workers, office workers, computer operators, dishwashers, assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.
不定项选择题第1题Paragraph 1 __________.
A.What causes autism?
B.How common is autism?
C.Does autism occur together with other disabilities?
D.What is Autism?
E.What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do?
F.What is the difference between autism and mental retardation?
参考答案：D
不定项选择题第2题Paragraph 3 __________.
A.What causes autism?
B.How common is autism?
C.Does autism occur together with other disabilities?
D.What is Autism?
E.What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do?
F.What is the difference between autism and mental retardation?
参考答案：F
不定项选择题第3题It is possible that autism happens as a result of __________.
A.different technique
B.Social relationships and communication
C.language and information
D.Several causes working together
E.a degree of repetition
F.Skill development
参考答案：D
不定项选择题第4题Autism and mental retardation should be treated with __________.
A.different technique
B.Social relationships and communication
C.language and information
D.Several causes working together
E.a degree of repetition
F.Skill development
参考答案：A
不定项选择题第5题Individuals with autism are particularly weak at__________.
A.different technique
B.Social relationships and communication
C.language and information
D.Several causes working together
E.a degree of repetition
F.Skill development
参考答案：B
不定项选择题第6题A typical feature of people with autism is their uneven __________.
A.different technique
B.Social relationships and communication
C.language and information
D.Several causes working together
E.a degree of repetition
F.Skill development
参考答案：F
不定项选择题第7题Paragraph 2 __________.
A.What causes autism?
B.How common is autism?
C.Does autism occur together with other disabilities?
D.What is Autism?
E.What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do?
F.What is the difference between autism and mental retardation?
参考答案：A
不定项选择题第8题Paragraph 4 __________.
A.What causes autism?
B.How common is autism?
C.Does autism occur together with other disabilities?
D.What is Autism?
E.What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do?
F.What is the difference between autism and mental retardation?
参考答案：E
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