2019年考研英语基础测试题1_第6页

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　Part A 51.Directions: Your little brother James has won the first prize at the English Speech Competition, and it is pleasure to write a congratulation.

　　Write it under the following guide lines:

　　1) express your congratulation,

　　2) express your hope for his English study;

　　3) a present to him is necessary. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET

　　2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.(10 points)

　　Part B 52. Directions: Some people feel that studying "traditional" subjects such as history, sciences, and literature does not have much importance today. They believe that education should be directed toward a career and that the most significant studies in college are those which will help one earn a living in today’s society. As examples, they point to accounting courses, secretarial studies, electronics courses, and data processing courses. Write a composition on the topic My Views on Career-oriented Education, in which you support or refute the above argument for career education. You should give reasons for your opinion and support those reasons with examples from your reading or experience. (20 points)

　　Section I Use of English

　　1.【答案】B 【解析】narrate...as...”被描述为…。这句话的意思是：在过去的400年里，美国黑人的历史被传统地描述为是对漠然和压迫的不断斗争。其他选项的搭配不对，故选B。

　　2.【答案】D 【解析】 “oppression”镇压，压迫。句子意思参见上题。

　　3.【答案】C 【解析】 “charted as...”引导一个定语从句。

　　4.【答案】A 【解析】应选表示趋向的动词"progress"(前进，进步)，用进行时态。

　　5.【答案】A 【解析】“of oneself”:本身。因为主语是“technology”，所以应选“of itself”。

　　6.【答案】C 【解析】根据就近原则，谓语动词应与主语"fiber optics"保持一致，所以选用单数形式“has”。

　　7.【答案】C 【解析】这里明显应填入一个形容词，四个词中只有"entire"是形容词，所以选C。

　　8.【答案】D 【解析】这句话的意思是：一些工具被用在工作方面。“put sth.at work”把某物用在工作方面。所以答案是D。

　　9.【答案】A 【解析】 “design sth.for the purpose"为这种目的而设计某物。其他搭配不符合文章意思，所以选A。

　　10.【答案】B 【解析】正确的用法是"try to do sth.”，所以首先排除C、D。“accomplish"完成。“envelop”包封，遮盖，包围。根据文意，这里应填的意思是完成任务，所以选B，不选A。

　　11.【答案】D 【解析】显然这里要添入一个分词做伴随状语，首先排除B、C。又因为这里是主动语态，故排除A选D。

　　12.【答案】A 【解析】由文章的意思，这里应填“从文艺复兴开始”，所以选A "since"。

　　13.【答案】B 【解析】运用"is second only to(仅次于)”。

　　14.【答案】D 【解析】by是介词，后应该跟动词ing形式，只有D选项满足这个要求。

　　15.【答案】A 【解析】用完成时have encountered。

　　16.【答案】C 【解析】这里应填反身代词，首先排除A、B。又根据句意，应是“他们自己”，所以选C。

　　17.【答案】D 【解析】 “exclude...from...”排除在…之外。又根据句意，这里应用被动语态，所以选D。

　　18.【答案】B 【解析】这是个定语从句，可以看出从句部分缺少主语，所以应选“that”。

　　19.【答案】D 【解析】served适合[用，宜]于(祖先)，用过去时。

　　20.【答案】C 【解析】注意这里不能用虚拟语气，用一般条件句。

　　Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　21.【答案】B 【解析】主要考查词义，slump意思是“消沉、衰退、(物价)暴跌”，四个选项中slouch意为“懒散”，decline意思是“下降，衰落，消沉”，increase意思是“上涨，增加”，与slump意思相反，stamp是指“邮票，跺(脚)”，可以看出decline为最接近的。

　　22.【答案】B 【解析】从第一段第四行"is trying to become a neutral provider of mobile technology to rivais”,以及最后一段第一句“Burgess said the new business will not conflict with Motorola’s own mobile phone business.”可以看出选项B的意思在文中全有体现。第一段开头说"Motorola，the wodd’s second-largest mobile phone maker”所以可见A是错误的。从第一段倒数第四行"but this is the first time the company will offer its entire line of chips as well as a detailed blueprint.”可以看出C也是不确切的。至于D，文章中没有提到有关工厂的事情。

　　23.【答案】C 【解析】第一段最后一句“Analysts said they liked the new strategy but were cautious about whether Motorola’s mobile phone competitors would want to buy the technology from a rival.”是该题的依据。原文的意思是“分析家说他们喜欢这一策略，但是对于竞争者是否会愿意从竞争对手手中购买技术这一问题持谨慎态度”。可见C是恰当之选。

　　24.【答案】D 【解析】根据第二段第二句话"Motorola said it will begin offering the technology based on the next-generation GPRS(Global Packet Radio Service)standard.”可以很容易看出选择D。

　　25.【答案】A 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“GPRS offers faster access to data through“always on”network connections，and customers are charged only for the information they retrieve，rather than the length of download.”可见顾客的付费应该是少了而不是多了。从第一段第二句开头"The inventor of the cell phone"可以看到B是正确的。从第一段倒数第五行"Motorola has previously supplied mobilephone manufacturers with a couple of its chips"可以看出C也是正确的。依据第二段开头"The company，long known for its top-notch engineenng culture"可以看出D也是正确的。

　　26.【答案】C 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句话"The eye is a region of relative calm and clear skies in the center of the hurricane.”可知C是恰当的选项。

　　27.【答案】C 【解析】根据最后一段倒数第三句话"People living in low-lying areas are wise to evacuate their houses because of the storm surge，which is a large rush of water that may come ashore with the storm.”可知storm surge是指水而不是风，所以A不正确。根据最后一段开头的描述，飓风可能登陆时先在一个较大的可能范围内进行hurricane watch，然后在可能着陆点hurricane warning，可以看出hurricane warning比hurricane watch更严重，B不正确。根据第三段最后一句“People often lose their lives by leaving shelter when the eye has arrived，only to be caught in tremendous winds again when the eye has passed.”，当风眼来临时人们如果走出房间会被风眼过去后的大风吹死，所以说在风眼来临时走出房间是不安全的，D也不正确。虽然文章中没有直接说，但通过排除法可以知道只有C是正确的。

　　28.【答案】C 【解析】纵观全文，讲了飓风的形成、飓风的预报、面对飓风的防范措施、飓风的消亡，总体来看A、B、D都只涉及到文章的一个方面，只有C全面概括了文章的内容，因为文章主要是讲危险的飓风的。

　　29.【答案】A 【解析】low-lying areas主要是指“地势低平的地区”，B、C是指一层平房，主要是强调房子低矮，所以A比较恰当。

　　30.【答案】C 【解析】依据是原文第三段第六行"They should also try to hurricane-proof their houses by bringing in light-weight furniture and other items from outside and covering windows.”从中可以看出预防飓风的措施包括将轻的家具、物品带入房内，盖住窗户。这两项措施分别是选项的B和D，但其中也暗肯了选项C，因为将轻的物品放入房内也就意味着将重的物品带出房间，所以A也符合。只有C原文中根本未提及。

　　31.【答案】A 【解析】依据是文章第一段第二行"asserting that many online search engines are concealing the impact special fees have on search results by Internet users.”意思是说搜索引擎隐瞒了网络使用者得到搜索结果的特殊费用，可以看出是这个机构是抱怨用户被收取了特殊费用费，所以答案是A。

　　32.【答案】B 【解析】文章第二段最后一句说"search requests rank as the second most popular online activity after E-mail.”，这句话的意思是“搜索的需求是网上仅次于E-mail的第二大受欢迎的活动”，所以网上最受欢迎的活动是收发E-mail。

　　33.【答案】B 【解析】文章第三段开头是这么说的：“The eight search engines named in Commemial Alert’s complaint are...”，下面接着具体列举了这八种搜索引擎，可见Commercial Alert主要是投诉了这八种搜索引擎，所以B说不只八个是不正确的。

　　34.【答案】C 【解析】认真阅读文章的第三段，看看文章中含的选项的这几个词，就不难发现，A、B、D都是拥有搜索引擎的公司的名字，只有C是CMGI公司所拥有的搜索引擎的名字，所以说A、B、D都是公司，而C是搜索引擎，故C与其他不同。

　　35.【答案】D 【解析】文章的最后一句是"To boost revenue，search engines in the past year have been accepting payments from businesses interested in receiving a higher ranking in certain categories or ensuring that their sites are reviewed more frequendy.”这句话的意思就是“为了增加收入，搜索引擎在过去几年里接受了一些公司的资助，这些都是想在同类中提高地位或者愿意使网站被人们经常浏览的公司”。所以说资助搜索引擎的公司的目的就是让自己的网站被上网者多多浏览。所以答案是D。

　　36.【答案】B 【解析】通读全文，文章主要讲了Arthur Lawrence and Lydia Beardsall的生活，他们开始如何不停搬迁，后来又为何在Eastwood定居。而不是讲他们最小的孩子D.H.Lawrence，也不是讲整个家庭的背景，所以总体来看，最恰当、最贴近原文的就是选项B了。

　　37.【答案】D 【解析】文章第二段第二句"For another，they now had three small children and Lydia may have wanted to give them the kind of continuity in schooling they had never previously had.”从中可以看出答案A是一个原因。文章第三段最后一句"When the family moved to Eastwood，Arthur Lawrence was coming back to his own family’s center：one of the reasons，for sure，why they stayed there.”可以找到答案B也是一个原因。文章第二段还说到Lydia开了个店，并且说"Taking on the shop may have marked her own bid for independence.”所以C也是文中提到的一个原因。只有D，在文章中根本没有体现。

　　38.【答案】C 【解析】文章的最后一句"Her Kent accent doubtless made Midlands people feel that she put on airs.”put on airs意思是“装腔作势”，由于Lydia有口音，所以当地人认为她装腔作势。C的意思“一个傲慢的女人”符合原意。

　　39.【答案】B 【解析】文章第一段第三行有这样一句话"Arthur’s job as a miner had taken them where the best-paid work had been during the boom years of the 1870s.”它是说，在19世纪80年代的经济繁荣时期，Arthur不停换地方工作是因为他在不停的寻找待遇最好的地方工作，由于他换地方工作，整个家庭也就跟着他不停搬迁。A也是说要跟随Arthur到处找工作，但是最后是说在经济萧条时期，与原文不符，所以B最符合文章原意。

　　40.【答案】D 【解析】从文章的第一句“D.H.Lawrence was the fourth child of Arthur Lawrence and Lydia Beardsall，and their first to have been born in Eastwood.”可以看出，D.H.Lawrence是这个家庭的第四个孩子，所以D显然是错误的。

　　Part B【解析】本篇题中共有7个段落，其中篇首和篇尾在文章的位置已给出。本篇文章首段说的是：十多年来，汽车犯罪率的上升比任何其他犯罪都要快。在英国，平均每分钟有两辆以上的车被撬、遭破坏或偷窃。汽车犯罪几乎占所有报案案件的1/3，而且没有任何迹象表明这种上升的趋势在减慢。尾段说的是：还有其他一些圈套需要避免。内政部的调查发现，司机对于安全泊车的意识非常淡薄。许多被采访的司机都没有尽可避免把车停放在远离路灯的僻静处，而僻静处恰好是窃贼下手的好地方;汽车协会告诫司机应把车停在人多热闹的地方，因为窃贼不喜欢众目睽睽之下偷车。很明显，本篇文章讲的是汽车犯罪，但重点应放在为什么这类犯罪率如此之高，以及该怎样最大限度地避免此类犯罪的发生上。首段中讲道汽车犯罪几乎占所有报案案件的1/3，这是为什么呢?从A段可知，“Amateur thieves are aided by our carelessness”(我们的粗心大意助了伺机偷盗者一臂之力。)汽车协会调查结果显示“10 percent of cars checked were unlocked”(被检查的车辆中有10%的车没有上锁)，这就是导致汽车犯罪率高的重要原因。接下来汽车协会通过调查还会发现什么呢?这就引出了C段，司机在付油费时，车辆就停在加油站。平均有3分钟的时间车辆是无人看管的——有时候还会更长时间。这正好给了汽车窃贼一个绝好的下手机会。使盗车者有机可逞的事例还有什么呢?在D段中，汽车协会在一家繁忙的汽车修理站做了独家调查，假日里连续三天他们询问了300位司机，其中24%承认他们“总是”或“有时”把车钥匙放在车里。这个比例意味着在全国每天就有100万辆车成为伺机盗车者顺手牵羊的目标。对此汽车协会有什么建议呢?这就是B段中所述，“locking up whenever you leave the car— and for however short a period”(不管什么时候离开车辆，也不管离开车子时间有多短，都要把车子锁好)。B段最后一句说半开的天窗和车窗对窃贼有更强的诱惑。除此之外还有什么事能引诱窃贼呢?E段中“Leaving valuables in view is an invitation to the criminal”(把贵重的物品暴露在外也是对罪犯的一种引诱)正好可与B段连接。在做此类题时，如果没有把握可多列出几种可能的顺序，然后根据这些顺序重读文章，看是否思路顺畅。关键是要把握好文章的主要话题和逻辑顺序。【答案】41.A 42.C 43.D 44.B 45.E

　　Part C

　　46.【答案】到2005年，人口增长应该已经平稳下来，但那时世界人口已达100亿——比现在多三分之二。

　　47.【答案】这一选择很复杂，涉及许多可变因素，但仍然是选择。

　　48.【答案】由于大家庭经常被看作患病和老年时的依靠，因此让更多穷人更方便地获得保险、退休金和福利机构的帮助，也会对减少家庭人口产生重大作用。

　　49.【答案】这些都是当前就应当加以实施的措施，但目前似乎还有两类国家并没有认真去做。

　　50.【答案】人口增长是一个中间的可变因素;并不是问题的真正根源。问题的真正根源在于那些对人们的选择起导向作用的机构。

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　Part A

　　51. 参考范文

　　Dear James,

　　I am delighted to hear of your recent winning the first prize at the English Speech Competition and would like to send you my warmest congratulation and best wishes for your English study.

　　Learn English should be fun. As a proverb goes, “Diligence is the mother of success.”you should keep on your diligent study and don’t give it up.

　　I am sending you a small electronic English dictionary with this letter and I hope you will find it of some use.

　　With my best wishes to you both.

　　Cordially

　　Li Ming

　　Part B

　　52. 参考范文

　　My View on Career-oriented Education

　　As technology has become more sophisticated and important in today’s society, education has adapted itself to offer more programs that train people to perform certain technological functions.

　　Computer programming offers a good example of an educational "discipline" that has appeared within the last few decades. People can go to school solely for the purpose of learning how to run a computer, and then find a job operating computers. If suddenly they realize that they are tired of running computers all day they have no other marketable skill. Besides, they do not have some educational background which will enable them to go back. To school for a little while, and then change career. So career-oriented education should incorporate traditional subjects such as history, science and literature into its syllabuses to prepare students all-roundedly.

　　The first reward of learning traditional subjects is that of flexibility. The student has the opportunity of pursuing a career in several different fields. He can also continue his education if he so desires. Furthermore, a person’s career is only part of his life. One should take some courses which will help prepare him or her for the functions of everyday life. Education is to prepare a person for life. The most significant studies in college and anywhere else are those which not only help a person with their career but also with their life.