2017考研英语：词汇练习及解析（11）

　　1. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures.

　　A. exchange B. alter C. shift D. alternate

　　[答案]D. alternate.

　　[注释]alternate vt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。)The weather today will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。)

　　shift般动，移动(vt.);转移到，迁移(vi.);改变：1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。) 2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。) 3)The candidate is constantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。)

　　exchange交换;exchange... for ... 用.......换......;alter(部分)修改。

　　2. Pack the cake in a strong box, or it might get _____ in the post.

　　A. splashed B. spilt C. crushed D. crashed

　　[答案]C. crushed.

　　[注释]crush压坏，压碎;弄皱;辗散;1)Don't crush this box; there are flowers inside.(不要把这个盒子压坏了，里面有鲜花。) 2)Her dress was crushed.(她的衣服弄皱了。) 3)The machine crushes wheat grain to make floor.(这台机器把麦粒辗成面粉。)

　　splash溅，泼;split(中间)裂开;crash(向下)猛跌;(飞机)失事。

　　3. The thief _____ the papers all over the room while he was searching.

　　A. abandoned B. vanished C. scattered D. deserted

　　[答案]C. scattered.

　　[注释]scatter(=throw or put in various directions, or here and there)撒。

　　abandon放弃，抛弃。desert遗弃(而离开)。vanish消亡，灭亡。本题句意是将小偷在搜寻钱时的情景，所以应选scattered(撒)。

　　4. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical _____.

　　A. facilities B. appliances C. instruments D. equipment

　　[答案]B. appliances.

　　[注释]electric appliances电器用具，facilities公用设备。equipment设备,装备，是集合名词，指“设备”的总称，只有当数形式。instrument仪器。

　　5. The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.

　　A. mirror B. sight C. reflection D. shadow

　　[答案]C. reflection.

　　[注释]reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。其他选择均不合题意。

　　6. One _____ needed when making a cake is flour; another is sugar.

　　A. container B. ingredient C. content D. equivalent

　　[答案]B. ingredient.

　　[注释]ingredient(混合物的)成分。container容器，含量;内容(复数)。equivalent:相等物。

　　7. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been _____.

　　A. behind the times B. behind schedule

　　C. ahead of time D. in no time

　　[答案]B. behind schedule.

　　[注释]behind schedule(=late, behind time)晚点：The train is running behind schedule today.(=The train is not on time today.)behind the times(=using things not in style; still following old ways; old fashioned)过时，跟不上时代，落后：1)The store is behind the times.(=The store is old-fashioned; it looks as stores looked 40 years ago.) 2) Mary thinks her parents are behind the times because they still do the fox-trot and don't know any new dances.(=Mary's parents are old-fashioned in their dancings .) ahead of time提前： They have fulfilled their production plans ahead of time, in no time(=soon, quickly)立即，马上：I'll be back in no time to see you home.

　　8. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in his work.

　　A. hamper B. support C. assist D. encourage

　　[答案]A. hamper.

　　[注释]hamper(=hinder, prevent free movement or activity)阻碍：Lack of equipment is hampering our work.

　　本题译文：他们两人都认为他不怎么样并极力阻碍他工作。

　　Think highly of... 对...评价很高，认为......很好。

　　9. Her display of bad temper completely _____ the party.

　　A. harmed B. damaged C. spoilt D. hurt

　　[答案]C. spoilt.

　　[注释]spoil指出意指“使...... 扫兴，搞糟”，如：Quarrelling spoilt the picnic.(争吵使这次野餐弄得很扫兴。)hurt伤害，damage 损坏，harm危害，均不合题意。

　　10. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son's illness had put him under great _____.

　　A. emotion B. excitement C. crisis D. stress

　　[答案]D. stress. [注释]put sb. under(great) stress使某人处境(非常)紧张，使某人受(很大)压力。