[单选题]
Not long ago， tech was the coolest industry.Everybody wanted to work at Google， Facebook and Apple.But over the past year the mood has shifted.Some now believe tech is like the tobacco industry - corporations that make billions of dollars peddling a destructive addiction.Some believe it is like the National Football League (NFL) - something millions of people love， but which everybody knows leaves a trail of human wreckage in its wake.
There are three main critiques of big tech.The first is that it is destroying the young.Social media promises an end to loneliness but actually produces an increase in solitude and an intense awareness of social exclusion.The second is that it is causing electronic device addiction on purpose， to make money.For example， news feeds are structured as “bottomless bowls” so that one page view leads down to another and another and so on forever.The third critique is that Apple， Amazon， Google and Facebook are using their market power to invade the private lives of their users and impose unfair conditions on content creators and smaller competitors.
The big breakthrough will come when tech executives clearly acknowledge the central truth： Their technologies are extremely useful for the tasks and pleasures that require shallower forms of consciousness， but they often crowd out and destroy the deeper forms of consciousness people need to thrive.
Online is a place for human contact but not intimacy.Online is a place for information but not reflection.It gives you the first stereotypical idea about a person or a situation， but it's hard to carve out time and space for the third， 15th and 43rd thought.Online is a place for exploration but discourages cohesion.It grabs control of your attention and scatters it across a vast range of diverting things.But we are happiest when we have brought our lives to a point， when we have focused attention and will on one thing， wholeheartedly with all our might.
Abraham Joshua Heschel wrote that we take a break from the distractions of the world not as a rest to give us more strength to dive back in， but as the climax of living.“The seventh day is a palace in time which we build.It is made of soul， joy and reticence，” he said.By cutting off work and technology we enter a different state of consciousness， a different dimension of time and a different atmosphere， a “mine where the spirit's precious metal can be found.”
Imagine if instead of claiming to offer us the best things in life， tech merely saw itself as providing efficiency devices.Its innovations can save us time on lower-level tasks so we can get offline and there experience the best things in life.Imagine if tech pitched itself that way.That would be an amazing show of realism and， especially' humility， which these days is the ultimate and most disruptive technology.
According to Paragraph 1 .public attitudes towards tech______.
Ahave benefited the tobacco industry
Bhave changed from admiration to accusation
Care causing safety concerns over NFL games
Dare split between support and opposition
参考答案：B
[单选题]
第45题应该填()。
AThe first step in preparing a marketing plan is that of producing the information necessary for decision-making, Usually, a company will have within its own administration and control system the raw material necessary for the plan’s foundations.In addition, there is plenty of published information which is made available by government departments, institutions and the press.
BFor a marketing-oriented activity to produce lasting results the entire operation has to be systematically planned.By producing basic information in written form and establishing aims for the future, the company is creating standards against which actual performance can be measured.Documentation of detailed policy actions then provides the basis for controlling the company’s operation.Future trends may be predicted through the investigation of all factors likely to influence company results.
CCompanies often avoid planning marketing procedures in detail because of the effort needed to express their forward policy in a written form.Managers commonly consider that their time is too valuable to spend on anything other than urgent operational problems.In fact, the manager who spends his time on dealing with current administrative detail is almost certain to have ignored proper planning in the past.For, if properly prepared, the marketing plan will contain sufficient details of the company’s policy and operational strategy for the work to be done by an assistant.As the many alternative courses of action are programmed, the assistant takes any actions or decisions which are appropriate.Only unusual situations need be dealt with by the manager.
DA good marketing plan is therefore essential to a company's successful development, but so is an effective marketing manager.He must be capable of identifying the parameters for market research and interpreting the data produced so that he can quantify the existing and potential needs of customers.Someone with an eye for style in packaging and product promotion is also a valuable asset.In an ideal world, the manager would possess all these abilities; however, they may be useless if not combined with that real love of and natural flair for the job which allow him sometimes to ignore the rational evidence and act instinctively.
EEvery market activity is an investment in time, energy and money.Few companies would spend a large sum of money on, say, a purchase of capital equipment without a full investigation into why it is needed, the choices available, and the expected return on what has been spent.Yet every year the vast majority of companies invest a large amount of money in marketing actions without knowing what their financial worth to the company or likely return will be.By introducing the disciplines arising from market planning a company should be able to ensure that the costs of marketing planning show a reasonable return and are calculated in the same way as all other business investments.
FMarketing research is yet to be fully exploited by the majority of companies.It has so far only been used by companies which have recognized that their existing information sources are inadequate.Because of the scale of operations which now confronts the typical businessman, it is essential that investment decisions are based upon relevant information so reducing the business risk.
GMany managers believe that the costs of marketing form an additional expense that has to be accepted in order to sell their goods.Whilst it is true that many companies use certain tools of marketing for this purpose, it is also true that the most successful companies accept marketing as an essential part of the company's total commercial operation for it is an essential cost in the same way as production or finance.
参考答案：B
[单选题]
Who knows better than your customers where your operations can be improved?Today progressive firms increasingly rely on advisory councils to suggest improvements, recommend action, and offer feedback on programs and policies.In fact, many companies feel that this form of communication is vital to the continuous improvement of their business operations.
A council, among other things, improves communication and spurs improvement of operations.Remember that the secret to success is dialogue-the exchange of ideas and opinions.Focus on problems your customers have Spell out your goals and objectives.
Each meeting should have a specific objective to accomplish.Determine the meetings frequency.If you want to implement a strategic plan, an annual meeting may be enough.If you want to focus on operational issues, more meetings may be needed.
A good council will have no more than 12 people, with half of the members from your company and half from your customers.It should also have diversity in its membership.Members should serve from one to three years-rotation of membership will ensure the council doesn’t become stale.
Find an approximate meeting site, whether it's in house or off site, where there will be no ptions.You should pay for all the expenses related to the meeting-members are providing your company with a service.Treat them as your guests and your experts.
If you have a fixed beginning and ending time to your meeting, stick to it.when structuring he meeting, remember the 80/20 problem-solving rule.Structure the meeting so that 20 percent of the time is spent identifying or discussing a problem and 80 percent of the time is spent designing a solution.
Often it is helpful to have a person act as timekeeper and announce when the agenda time for a particular item has expired.However, during the meeting, be flexible.The facilitator can allow the group to decide whether to move on to the next item or extend the discussion.As you go along,look to narrow the differences among members and form a consensus.
As the meeting closes, summarize what was accomplished, checking for an agreement and commitment among the members.Make a detailed list of the follow-up items, who has responsibility for each item, and a timeline for completion.
The result from really listening to and learning from your customers in a well-run advisory council can pay huge dividends.
There are more and more advisory councils because ______.
Athe membership should not be neglected
Borganizers should make summaries after that
Cthe meeting should be held frequently.
Dcommunication can promote the development of companies
Eit's better to elect a president.
Fcompanies can find out problems
Gis important, so it's better to have a person to set the pace
参考答案：D
[单选题]
第43题应该填()。
AThe first step in preparing a marketing plan is that of producing the information necessary for decision-making, Usually, a company will have within its own administration and control system the raw material necessary for the plan’s foundations.In addition, there is plenty of published information which is made available by government departments, institutions and the press.
BFor a marketing-oriented activity to produce lasting results the entire operation has to be systematically planned.By producing basic information in written form and establishing aims for the future, the company is creating standards against which actual performance can be measured.Documentation of detailed policy actions then provides the basis for controlling the company’s operation.Future trends may be predicted through the investigation of all factors likely to influence company results.
CCompanies often avoid planning marketing procedures in detail because of the effort needed to express their forward policy in a written form.Managers commonly consider that their time is too valuable to spend on anything other than urgent operational problems.In fact, the manager who spends his time on dealing with current administrative detail is almost certain to have ignored proper planning in the past.For, if properly prepared, the marketing plan will contain sufficient details of the company’s policy and operational strategy for the work to be done by an assistant.As the many alternative courses of action are programmed, the assistant takes any actions or decisions which are appropriate.Only unusual situations need be dealt with by the manager.
DA good marketing plan is therefore essential to a company's successful development, but so is an effective marketing manager.He must be capable of identifying the parameters for market research and interpreting the data produced so that he can quantify the existing and potential needs of customers.Someone with an eye for style in packaging and product promotion is also a valuable asset.In an ideal world, the manager would possess all these abilities; however, they may be useless if not combined with that real love of and natural flair for the job which allow him sometimes to ignore the rational evidence and act instinctively.
EEvery market activity is an investment in time, energy and money.Few companies would spend a large sum of money on, say, a purchase of capital equipment without a full investigation into why it is needed, the choices available, and the expected return on what has been spent.Yet every year the vast majority of companies invest a large amount of money in marketing actions without knowing what their financial worth to the company or likely return will be.By introducing the disciplines arising from market planning a company should be able to ensure that the costs of marketing planning show a reasonable return and are calculated in the same way as all other business investments.
FMarketing research is yet to be fully exploited by the majority of companies.It has so far only been used by companies which have recognized that their existing information sources are inadequate.Because of the scale of operations which now confronts the typical businessman, it is essential that investment decisions are based upon relevant information so reducing the business risk.
GMany managers believe that the costs of marketing form an additional expense that has to be accepted in order to sell their goods.Whilst it is true that many companies use certain tools of marketing for this purpose, it is also true that the most successful companies accept marketing as an essential part of the company's total commercial operation for it is an essential cost in the same way as production or finance.
参考答案：A
[单选题]Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It___1___in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then___2___starts to slowly decline as we age. But___3___aging is inevitable. scientists are finding that certain changes in brain function may not be.
One study found that muscle loss and the___4___of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the___5___that lifestyle factors might help prevent or___6___this type of decline.
The researchers looked at data that___7___measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and___8___that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people___9___higher measures of abdominal fat___10___worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years___11___.
For women, the association may be___12___to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be___13___. It is hoped that future studies could___14___these differences and perhaps lead to different for men and women.
___16___, there are steps you can___17___to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental___18___. The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your___19___of aerobic exercise and following a Mediterranean-style___20___that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.
14应选()。
Aalter
Bspread
Cremove
Dexplain
参考答案：D
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