教师招聘考试：中小学英语基础知识资料（9）_第2页

　　[析] the rest of 的用法与2/3，一半，80%+ of 的结构一致， of 后面为可数名词复数时用复数谓语动词，为不可数名词或可数名词单数时用单数谓语动词。这样用法还有 lots of， a lot of， plenty of。

　　[误] The news in today's newspaper are not bad?

　　[正] The news in today's newspaper is not bad?

　　[析] 有些以 s 结尾的名词要用作不可数名词，它们是：news， physics， mathematics， thanks， …

　　[误] The Chinese is kind and friendly?

　　[正] The Chinese are kind and friendly?

　　[析] Chinese 作为中文来讲是单数名词，但作为中国人讲是单复同形的名词。如： one Chinese， two Chinese … 而 The Chinese = The people of China 要用复数谓语动词。

　　[误] This dictionary is too expensive for me? Ten dollars are a big sum for me

　　[正] This dictionary is too expensive for me? Ten dollars is a big sum for me

　　[析] 表示一段时间，一笔金钱，一段距离，都应看作单数名词。

　　[误] Who are going to take part in our football match?

　　[正] Who is going to take part in our football match?

　　[析] 用 who 提问时，习惯上用单数谓语动词，但 which 则要视其情况而定，如： which are better these shoeses or those shoes? 又如： which is better this one or that one?

　　[误] What a hot weather it is!

　　[误] How hot the weather it is!

　　[正] What hot weather it is!

　　[正] How hot the weather is!

　　[析] 感叹句是用来表达说话人的喜怒哀乐的感情。它由 what 与 how 作句子的开始，判定是用 what 还是用 how 的最好办法是将它们换为陈述句，比如： What the hot weather it is! 应转换为： It is the hot weather? 那么句子的起点是单词 it。 再来看感叹句中 it 前有不可数名词 weather， 则只能用 what。 再看第二句 How hot the weather is! 转为陈述句时为： The weather is hot?这时句子的开始单词为 the weather， 再来看感叹句在 the weather 前只有形容词，所以应用 how。 至于是用 what a 还是 what 要看名词的具体情况而定，单数可数名词加 what a 其余的加用 what。

　　[误] We have to sing this， have we?

　　[误] We have to sing this， haven't we?

　　[正] We have to sing this, don't we?

　　[析] 在反意疑问句中除了标准的一些常规外，有一些例外：

　　Let's go home， shall we?

　　Let us go home， will you?

　　She had to leave， didn't she?

　　Do your homework at once， will you?

　　There is not much good news in today's newspaper， is there?

　　Neither of them are right， are they?

　　I think he will come to the party won't he?

　　think 后的宾语从句，与其他宾语从句不一样，在初中只有这样一个较特殊的词。这样的句子的反意疑问句的主语要用宾语从句中的主语，其助动词要用宾语从句的助动 词，而肯定还是否定要看主句谓语动词而定，如： I don't think he is coming to our party， is he?

　　[误] I want to know where does he live?

　　[正] I want to know where he lives?

　　[析] 宾语从句中一律要用陈述语序，而不用疑问语序。

　　[误] - I haven't got a ticket for the football match??

　　- Nor I have?

　　[正] - I haven't got a ticket for the football match??

　　- Nor (Neither) have I?

　　[析] nor， neither 用在简答否定句中时要采用倒装语序。在肯定句的简答句中则要用so， 如： I do my homework very quickly， So does Mary?

　　[误] Look! Here the bus comes!

　　[正] Look! Here comes the bus!

　　[误] Look! Here comes he!

　　[正] Look! Here he comes?

　　[析] 在 there， here 打头的句子中，如果主语是名词，则要采用倒装语序;如果是人称代词则用一般语序。

　　[误] Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us??

　　No， I don't hope so?

　　[正] Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us??

　　No， I hope not?

　　[析] 我不这样想，可用 I don't think so? 但 hope 的否定简答句只能用 I hope not? 这是习惯用法。但这两个词的肯定简答句形是一样的，如： I think so. I hope so?

　　[误] That is difficult for us to learn English well?

　　[正] It is difficult for us to learn English well?

　　[析] It 这里的语法作用是形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的不定式。形式主语和形式宾语都要用 it 而不能用 that， 如： I think it difficult to learn English well? it 在这句中是 think 的形式宾语。

　　(三)　例题解析

　　1?　 There ___ a pencil?box on the desk.

　　A .is B.　are C. has D. have

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] There be 句形中的 be 动词要看其后面离它最近的名词而定，如： There are two books and a pencil on the desk? 但却可以讲 There is a pencil and two books on the desk?

　　2?　 Could you tell me ___ ?

　　A?　Mrs King where lives B?　where does Mrs King live

　　C?　where Mrs King lives D?　Mrs King lives where

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 宾语从句中的疑问句要用陈述语序。

　　3?　 Your brother came to see you， ___ ?

　　A?　does he B?　doesn't he C?　did he D?　didn't he

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] 前句是肯定句，后面反意疑问句要用否定句，同时 came 为过去时态，所以应用 didn't he

　　4?　 It's getting cloudy， ___ ?

　　A?　does' it B?　doesn't it C?　is it D?　isn't it

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] 要区分's 是 has 还是 is， 这里由 getting 得出's 是is。

　　5?　 ___ keep me waiting so long.

　　A?　Not B?　Won't C?　Don't D?　Not to

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] Don't + 动词原形为祈始句的否定句。

　　6?　 Mr Green hasn't been to Beijing, ___ ?

　　A?　has he B?　hasn't he C?　did he D?　didn't he

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] 此句 has 是助动词与过去分词构成现在完成时态。

　　7?　 You have your lunch at school, ___ ?

　　A?　have you B?　haven't you C?　do you D?　don't you

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] 这里的 have 是实意动词"吃"，而不是助动词。

　　8?　 ___ sunny day! Let's go out for a walk.

　　A?　How a B?　How C?　What a D?　What

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 这个感叹句是个省略句，其真实的句子应为 What a sunny day it is!

　　9?　 - Can you tell me ___ ? - Sure? She's a nurse?

　　A?　where is your sister B?　where your sister is

　　C?　what is your sister D?　what your sister is