雅思考试：2012年09月01日雅思听力机经A类Passage 1
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| 考试日期： | 2012年9月1日 |
| Reading Passage 1 | |
| Title: | Man and Machine |
| Question types: | 段落细节信息配对题 填空题summary |
| 文章内容回顾 | 关于机器人的，MIT和日本的一些研究 |
| 英文原文阅读 | Types of Robots Humanoid Entertainment Robots ASIMO, manufactured by Honda QRIO, by Sony HOAP(*1) Robot Series (Humanoid for Open Architecture Platform), Manufactured by Fujitsu Toyota Partner Robot, manufactured by Toyota. EMIEW, by Hitachi Androids Androids are robots designed to strongly resemble humans. Actroid, a realistic female robot demonstrated most prominently at Expo 2005 in Japan Hanako, a humanoid robot designed for dentist training HRP-4C, a humanoid robot with a realistic head and the average figure of a young Japanese female Animal (four legged) robots Aibo playing with kids AIBO is a commercial robotic dog manufactured by Sony Electronics. Social robots PaPeRo Paro, a robot baby seal intended for therapeutic purposes Wakamaru Guard robots Guardrobo D1 is manufactured by Sohgo Security Services. Banryu, manufactured by Sanyo and TMSUK. Domestic robots SmartPal V, manufactured by Yaskawa Electric Corporation. TWENDY-ONE, developed by Waseda University. TPR-ROBINA, manufactured by Toyota. Mobility Robot WL-16RIII, developed by Waseda University and TMSUK. i-foot, developed by Toyota. i-REAL, developed by Toyota. Murata Boy, developed by Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Rescue robots T-53 Enryu, manufactured by TMSUK. Industrial Humanoid Robotics HRP-3 PROMET Mk-II, manufactured by Kawada Industries, designed by Yutaka Izubuchi. HRP-4 Industrial Robotics Eventually the deeper long term financial resources and strong domestic market enjoyed by the Japanese companies prevailed, their robots spread all over the globe. Only a few non-Japanese companies managed to survive in this market, including Adept Technology, Stäubli-Unimation, the Swedish-Swiss company ABB (ASEA Brown-Boveri), the Austrian manufacturer igm Robotersysteme AG and the German company KUKA Robotics. This includes the one used by the robot based automative production plants,known as assembly line robots. Characteristics Moreover, a recently created robot called CB2 or Child-robot with Biomimetic Body may follow moving objects with its eyes. CB2 can dangle its legs, raise its shoulders and fall with rhythmic breathing. CB2 may recognize the human touch, which is possible thanks to the 197 film-like pressure sensors that are placed under its rubbery skin. Asada, the team of engineers and brain specialists together with psychologists and many other specialists in the related domain created a CB2 that may record emotional expressions, memorize them and then match them with physical sensations. The characteristics of robots are however progressive, their abilities being enlarged as the technology has progressed. The same CB2 acts more and more as human and it was capable of teaching itself how to walk with the aid of human help. The robot learned how to move around the room by using its 51 "muscles," which are driven by air pressure. The humanoid Japanese robots characteristics include abilities such as blinking, smiling or expressing emotions akin to anger and surprise. One of the newest Japanese robots, HRP-4C is a female-robot programmed to catwalk. It walks and talks and with the help of 30 motors it may move its legs and arms however loudly and awkwardly. The facial expressions that are capable of are driven by 8 facial motors to make it smile or blink and change the facial expression as a response to anger or surprise. Robots that are intended to play with children usually look like animals and depending on what animal they are, they make different sounds, move, walk and play. Robot-dogs for example may bark, move their tails and somehow run or play with a child. There are also the mountable robots that can carry their passengers almost anywhere they need to go. Some of the Japanese robots move through rolling. |
| 题型难度分析 | 据学生回忆，这篇题目相对简单，而且是旧题V080621。 首先有六个段落细节配对题，分别对应了C, D, E, F段，F段重复了一次。接下来有个summary的填空题。 |
| 题型技巧分析 | Summary题，有顺序原则。 先关注instruction字数限制，有些题目在字数限制前，还有段落限制，告诉这个题目是针对哪个段落的。 其次，通读summary, 并且划出关键词，主要包括名词，连接词，介词，不定冠词。 然后根据空格前后信息，预测空格上的单词（单复数，可数与否，词性，-ing, -ed, 固定搭配等） 如果是有选项的摘要题的话，还要通读选项。 同时注意无选项的文章摘要题，在写答案的时候，单词一定要是来自于文章中的。 |
| 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 | 剑5 Test3 Passage3 |
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