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雅思考试:2012年08月25日雅思阅读机经A类Passage 2

来源:中华考试网   2012-09-05   【

雅思考试:2012年08月25日雅思阅读机经A类Passage 2

Reading Passage 2
Title: graffiti(涂鸦)
Question types: Which paragraph contains the following information? 5题
连续两个5选2 (4题)
Sentence completion 4题
文章内容回顾 graffiti(涂鸦)是艺术还是犯罪,主要讲各种去除涂鸦的方法,不足之处和注意事项等。
英文原文阅读 Graffiti (singular: graffito; the plural is used as a mass noun) is writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place. Stickers and other adhesives are not considered graffiti, apparently because they are less common. Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and has existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.[2]
In modern times, paint, particularly spray paint, and marker pens have become the most commonly used graffiti materials. In most countries, marking or painting property without the property owner's consent is considered defacement and vandalism, which is a punishable crime. Graffiti may also express underlying social and political messages and a whole genre of artistic expression is based upon spray paint graffiti styles. Within hip hop culture, graffiti has evolved alongside hip hop music, b-boying, and other elements.[3] Unrelated to hip-hop graffiti, gangs use their own form of graffiti to mark territory or to serve as an indicator of gang-related activities.
Controversies that surround graffiti continue to create disagreement amongst city officials/law enforcement and writers who wish to display and appreciate work in public locations. There are many different types and styles of graffiti and it is a rapidly developing art form whose value is highly contested, reviled by many authorities while also subject to protection, sometimes within the same jurisdiction.
Is graffiti a form of art or vandalism?
It can be vandalism, art, or both.
Historically, graffiti has always been considered an act of vandalism. As an unsanctioned use of public or private property, it can be an eyesore or defacement that is expensive to remove. Its general use on subways, bridges, and buildings is often little more than gang tagging or meaningless scribbles.
However, some urban authorities welcome graffiti as an art form to replace otherwise drab and depressing city walls. As a form of decoration, where artists can share their feelings and talents, it can be interesting and uplifting. But unless an area is designated for graffiti, by someone who has the power to do so, it is vandalism.
题型难度分析 这篇文章应该算是本次考试中难度较大的一篇,信息段落配对题,乱序,在做题中,会占据考生大量的时间。连续两道5选2题,会给学生审题造成压力,致使本文在做题中时间耗费太长。
题型技巧分析 细节配对题是雅思考试中比较难的题型,我们来分析一下这类题目的做题技巧:
首先,让我们来了解一下这种题目的出题特点。
1. 彻底同义转换
和其它题型不同的是,这种题型是对原文一句话或者一段话进行的彻底同义转换,个别甚至是高度概括,因此几乎不存在任何定位词,因此不能根据定位词到原文中定位答案。考生必须具备非常强的语言理解能力,才能快速识别出文章信息和段落信息的相似之处,从而找到答案。
2. 完全乱序
由于这种题型是要求把细节信息与所在的段落进行配对,因此是绝对打乱顺序出题的。
3. 部分题目存在重复选项
在雅思阅读中,段落细节配对题以两种形式出现,一种是每个选项只能用一次,另外一种题型,在Instruction的最后一句往往有这样的提示:
NB You may use any letter more than once.
如果出现这样的提示,则说明某些段落可以重复选用。剑桥真题集中的真题以及笔者、考生的实际考试经历证明,这种指令往往意味着有且仅有一个选项可以使用两次。
4. 从题量上来看,存在着以下两种可能:
1) 题量=段落数+1(肯定带NB)
2) 题量小于段落数两个以上
由于每个选项只能重复使用一次,因此第一种题型意味着每个段落都会有至少一个答案,而第二种题型则不能保证每段都有。
5. 永远是第一个题型
不管在A类考试还是G类的考试中,我们发现,这种题目永远是出现在第一个题型,而且这种题型与段落标题配对题型List of headings属于“相克题型”,即这两者不可能同时出现。
6. 有部分题目与其后的题目有关联
由于这种题型一般都是跨全文出的,因此跟后面的题目不可避免地出现交叉,因此有可能根据后面的题目来推断出细节所在的位置。
题量=段落数+1, 且带NB的题型:
前面讲过,由于段落细节配对题的出题特点,这种题型往往暗示了每段都会有至少一个答案,那么这种题目适合用“通篇浏览”的方法来做。
具体步骤如下:
1. 阅读所有题目,划出关键词
关键词就是能最大限度上概括整个句子的单词或短语,第一步划出关键词,在短时间内将所有的题目进行高度的浓缩,符合人类短期记忆的规律。
2. 通读所有段落,依次寻找答案
因为每段都会有答案,因此现在所需要做的事情就是到每段去找答案。要注意在选出信息后,要在选出的段落上做上记号,以免浪费时间。
多选题
1. 题目说明Questions 11-13 11.__A___ 12___F___ 13___B____
Question 11 11___AFB______(错一个就全错)
2. 选项在原文中的顺序?无特定顺序
3. 题目一般只考文中的部分信息
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 剑6 Test 1
剑7 Test 1

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