雅思2012年5月19号阅读机经回顾[A类]Passage 2
| Reading Passage 2 | |
| Title: | violin （新题） |
| Question types: | True/False/Not Given; headings |
| 文章内容回顾 | 小提琴的发展历史 |
| 英文原文阅读 | The development of jazz can be seen as part of the larger continuum of American popular music, especially dance music. In the twenties, jazz became the hottest new thing in dance music, much as ragtime had at the turn of the century, and as would rhythm and blues in the fifties, rock in the fifties, and disco in the seventies. But two characteristics distinguish jazz from other dance music. The first is improvisation, the changing of a musical phrase according to the player's inspiration. Like all artists, jazz musicians strive for an individual style, and the improvise or paraphrased is a jazz musician's main opportunity to display his or her individuality. In early jazz, musicians often improvised melodies collectively, thus creating a kind of polyphony. There was little soloing as such, although some New Orleans players, www.Examw.comparticularly cornet player Buddy Bolden, achieved local fame for their ability to improvise a solo. Later the idea of the chorus-long or multichorus solo took hold. Louis Armstrong's instrumental brilliance, demonstrated through extended solos, was a major influence in this development. Even in the early twenties, however, some jazz bands had featured soloists. Similarly, show orchestras and carnival bands often included one or two such "get-off" musicians. Unimproved, completely structured jazz does exist, but the ability of the best jazz musicians to create music of great cohesion and beauty during performance has been a hallmark of the music and its major source of inspiration and change. The second distinguishing characteristic of jazz is a rhythmic drive that was initially called "hot" and later "swing". In playing hot , a musician consciously departs from strict meter to create a relaxed sense of phrasing that also emphasizes the underlying rhythms.("Rough" tone and use of moderate vibrato also contributed to a hot sound.) Not all jazz is hot, however, many early bands played unadorned published arrangements of popular songs. Still, the proclivity to play hot distinguished the jazz musician from other instrumentalists. |
| 题型难度分析 | 这篇文章难度一般，题目分布比较规律。可以先把每个段落的细节题搞定之后再去做相关段落的heading. |
| 题型技巧分析 | heading题考查学生对段落大致含义的把握能力，虽然出题人可能希望我们好好的读懂全段，但是考生未必有这样的能力。我们可以根据一些特定的词语在段落中寻找主题句的出现位置： 1，在段落开头有举例结构的地方往往说明该段的主题句在举例结构之前。 2，在段落中间有比较明显的转折结构，那么转折后的内容有可能是段落的重点内容。 3，在段末有表示结果的词语，那么该句句子有可能是段落的主题句。 常见的段落结构有：总分结构；对比结构；并列结构；分总结构。总分结构还是占大多数的。 |
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