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雅思语法完全攻略：定语从句（3）

中华考试网 2016-09-23 【大中小】

　　4. 关系词where的用法

　　关系词where引导的定语从句通常用在表示地点的名词或短语后，如place, the city等。

　　它引导的定语从句既可以是限制性的也可以是非限制性的。

　　例句：(阅读)Nylon is a very tough synthetic fiber (人造纤维) first developed in the 1930s, and bearing a name to remind the hearer of the two places where it was developed: NY for New York and Lon for London.

　　(阅读) The power plants are usually located outside the city, where air quality problems are less serious.

　　(口语) Do you spend your free time with other people?

　　Yes. Sometimes I would invite my friends to have a cup of coffee in Starbucks, ____

　　(口语) Talk about a shopping center you are familiar with.

　　___________________________________________________

　　五. 定语从句的变形形式

　　1. be动词定语从句的变形

　　如果关系词which/who/that在定语从句中做主语，后面跟的谓语动词是be动词，则可以将关系词和be动词一起省略。这种用法在雅思阅读和写作中非常普遍。

　　Scientists are seeking a drug (which is) able to prolong life.

　　2. 实义动词定语从句的变形

　　关系词which/who/that在定语从句中作主语且紧跟在其后的谓语动词为实义动词时，可以省略关系词，此时谓语动词变为ing分词。

　　Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted (突显出) how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual’s life.

　　定语从句变形形式的特点：

　　(1). 只能用于关系词在定语从句中作主语的情况。

　　(2). 特别适合用于多重定语从句

　　(口语) Describe a sport star you like.

　　(1). David Beckham is a football player. (2). David Beckham is famous for his handsomeness. (3). David Beckham is enjoying great popularity in China.

　　(口语) Describe a person who is controversial

　　___________________________________________________

　　六. 雅思阅读常见定语从句长句分析

　　(1). President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions, who criticized, on whose judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view, regardless of their rank or viewpoint.

　　(2). Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe (磁条), are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out (转入) new services on a nationwide basis.

　　(3). How well the prediction will be validated (证实) by later performance depends

　　upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.

　　(4). Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　(5). Top of the list surely must come competence—the attribute that has been most sorely lacking in the Bush administration, whether in the planning for post-war Iraq, the response to Hurricane Katrina or the management of the federal budget, which George Bush, like a reverse King Midas, has transmuted from a $240 billion surplus to a $160 billion deficit.

　　* 通过非限制性定语从句猜测生词

　　(1). Another interest-based procedure is mediation, in which a third party assists the disputants, the two sides in the dispute, in reaching argument.

　　(2). The most typical rights procedure is adjudication, in which disputants present evidence and arguments to a neutral third party who has the power to make a decision that must be followed by both disputants.

　　七. 雅思口语定语从句实战案例

　　(1). What’s your name?

　　___________________________________________________

　　(2). Where are you from?

　　___________________________________________________

　　(3). Are you a student or are you working now?

　　___________________________________________________

　　(4). Can you tell me something about your grandparents?_____________________________________

　　(5). Do you get on well with your family?

　　___________________________________________________

　　单元练习：

　　(写作) 环境保护是一个如今为人们广为讨论的一个话题。